Harold Bloom

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Harold Bloom (New York City, 11 luglio 1930) è un critico letterario statunitense.

	« Se un lavoro non possiede splendore estetico, forza cognitiva e autentica originalità, non vale la pena leggerlo. La letteratura è un'epifania individuale e non deve avere alcuna valenza di riscatto socio-politico. »
	(Harold Bloom)

Considerato il più influente critico letterario statunitense, è professore emerito all'Università Yale, è stato Sterling Professor di Discipline Classiche alla stessa Università, e Berg Professor di Lingua e letteratura inglese alla New York University. Fra gli autori a lui cari spiccano, in particolare, Shakespeare e Dante (da lui considerati i due "centri" del cosiddetto Canone Occidentale) e poi Sigmund Freud, i mistici hassidici e Ralph Waldo Emerson, da lui definito "Mr America" e considerato "la figura centrale della cultura americana".

È famoso anche per le sue critiche feroci ad alcuni degli ultimi Premi Nobel per la letteratura: da Doris Lessing, accusata di aver scritto un solo libro decente quarant’anni fa, e che oggi firma fantascienza femminista, a Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio, che ritiene illeggibile, a Dario Fo, che definisce semplicemente ridicolo. Persino Toni Morrison non sarebbe degna del premio.^[1]

Indice 1 Autori italiani moderni sul Canone Occidentale 2 Note 3 Voci correlate 4 Bibliografia 4.1 Altre opere 4.2 Scelta di articoli 5 Premi 6 La critica 7 Collegamenti esterni

[modifica] Autori italiani moderni sul Canone Occidentale

I seguenti scrittori italiani sono inclusi nel canone della letteratura compilato da Bloom:

• Luigi Pirandello
• Gabriele D'Annunzio
• Dino Campana
• Umberto Saba
• Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa
• Giuseppe Ungaretti
• Eugenio Montale
• Salvatore Quasimodo
• Tommaso Landolfi
• Leonardo Sciascia
• Pier Paolo Pasolini
• Cesare Pavese
• Primo Levi
• Italo Svevo
• Giorgio Bassani
• Natalia Ginzburg
• Elio Vittorini
• Alberto Moravia
• Andrea Zanzotto
• Italo Calvino
• Antonio Porta

[modifica] Note

1. ^ http://www.corriere.it/cultura/09_marzo_05/farkas_bloom2_92bb178a-09d1-11de-84bf-00144f02aabc.shtml

[modifica] Voci correlate

• Canone Occidentale
• Grandi Libri del Mondo Occidentale

[modifica] Bibliografia

• Shelley's Mythmaking New Haven: Yale University Press, 1959
• The Visionary Company: A Reading of English Romantic Poetry. Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1961. Ed. riv. e ampliata, Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1971
• Blake's Apocalypse: A Study in Poetic Argument. Anchor Books: New York: Doubleday & Co., 1963.
• Yeats. New York: Oxford University Press, 1970. ISBN 0-19-501603-3
• The Anxiety of Influence: A Theory of Poetry. New York: Oxford University Press, 1973; 2d ed., 1997. ISBN 0-19-511221-0
• A Map of Misreading. New York: Oxford University Press, 1975
  • (IT) Una mappa della dislettura Spirali 1988
• Kabbalah and Criticism New York : Seabury Press, 1975 ISBN 0-8264-0242-9
• The Ringers in the Tower: Studies in Romantic Tradition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1971
• Poetry and Repression: Revisionism from Blake to Stevens New Haven: Yale University Press, 1976
• Figures of Capable Imagination. New York: Seabury Press, 1976
• Wallace Stevens: The Poems of our Climate. Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1977
• Deconstruction and Criticism. New York: Seabury Press, 1980
• The Flight to Lucifer: Gnostic Fantasy New York: Vintage Books, 1980. ISBN 0-394-74323-7
• Agon: Towards a Theory of Revisionism. New York : Oxford University Press, 1982
  • (IT) Agone. Verso una teoria del revisionismo Spirali 1985
• The Breaking of the Vessels. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982
  • (IT) Modernità dei romantici (con Massimo Bacigalupo e John Beer) Liguori 1988
  • (IT) Kafka, Freud, Scholem Spirali 1989
• Ruin the Sacred Truths: Poetry and Belief from the Bible to the Present. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1989.
  • (IT) Rovinare le sacre verità. Poesia e fede dalla Bibbia a oggi Garzanti Libri 1992
• The Book of J: Translated from the Hebrew by David Rosenberg; Interpreted by Harold Bloom. New York: Grove Press, 1990 ISBN 0-8021-4191-9
• The American Religion: The Emergence of the Post-Christian Nation; Touchstone Books; ISBN 0-671-86737-7 (1992; agosto 1993)
• The Western Canon: The Books and School of the Ages. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1994
  • (IT) Il Canone Occidentale. I libri e le scuole delle età , Bompiani 1996
  • (IT) Poesia e rimozione Spirali 1996
• Omens of Millennium: The Gnosis of Angels, Dreams, and Resurrection. New York: Riverhead Books, 1996.
  • (IT) Visioni profetiche. Angeli, sogni e resurrezione Il Saggiatore 1999
• Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human. New York: 1998. ISBN 1-57322-751-X
  • (IT) Shakespeare. L'invenzione dell'uomo BUR Biblioteca Univ. Rizzoli 2003
• How to Read and Why. New York: 2000. ISBN 0-684-85906-8
  • (IT) Come si legge un libro (e perché) BUR Biblioteca Univ. Rizzoli 2001
• Stories and Poems for Extremely Intelligent Children of All Ages. New York: 2001.
• El futur de la imaginació (The Future of the Imagination). Barcellona: Anagrama / Empúries, 2002. ISBN 84-7596-927-5
• Genius: A Mosaic of One Hundred Exemplary Creative Minds New York: 2003. ISBN 0-446-52717-3
  • (IT) Il genio. Il senso dell'eccellenza attraverso le vite di cento individui non comuni BUR Biblioteca Univ. Rizzoli 2004
• Hamlet: Poem Unlimited. New York: 2003.
• The Best Poems of the English Language: From Chaucer Through Frost. New York: 2004. ISBN 0-06-054041-9
• Where Shall Wisdom Be Found? New York: 2004. ISBN 1-57322-284-4
  • (IT)La saggezza dei libri BUR Biblioteca Univ. Rizzoli 2007
• Jesus and Yahweh: The Names Divine 2005. ISBN 1-57322-322-0
  • (IT) Gesù e Yahvè. La frattura originaria tra Ebraismo e Cristianesimo BUR Biblioteca Universale Rizzoli 2007
• American Religious Poems: An Anthology By Harold Bloom 2006. ISBN 1-931082-74-X

[modifica] Altre opere

• (Curatore) English Romantic Poetry, An Anthology, Doubleday, 1961, two-volume revised edition, Anchor, 1963.
• (Curatore, con John Hollander) The Wind and the Rain, Doubleday, 1961.
• The Literary Criticism of John Ruskin, curato e con introduzione di Harold Bloom, Anchor, 1965.
• (Curatore, con Frederick W. Hilles) From Sensibility to Romanticism: Essays Presented to Frederick A. Pottle, Oxford University Press, 1965.
• (Curatore) Percy Bysshe Shelley, Selected Poetry, New American Library (New York, NY), 1966.
• (Curatore) Walter Horatio Pater, Marius the Epicurean: His Sensations and Ideas, New American Library, 1970.
• "The Internalization of Quest-Romance" e "The Unpastured Sea: An Introduction to Shelley," in Romanticism and Consciousness: Essays in Criticism, curato da Harold Bloom, Norton, 1970.
• (Curatore) Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Selected Poetry, New American Library, 1972.
• (Curatore) The Romantic Tradition in American Literature, 33 volumi, Arno, 1972.
• (Curatore, with Lionel Trilling) Romantic Prose and Poetry, Oxford University Press, 1973.
• (Curatore, con Trilling) Victorian Prose and Poetry, Oxford University Press, 1973.
• (Curatore, with Frank Kermode, Hollander, and others) Oxford Anthology of English Literature, 2 volumi, Oxford University Press, 1973.
• (Curatore e Introduzione) Selected Writings of Walter Pater, Columbia University Press, New York, 1974.
• (Introduzione) Somewhere Is Such a Kingdom: Poems 1952-1971, di Geoffrey Hill, 1975.
• (Curatore, con Adrienne Munich) Robert Browning: A Collection of Critical Essays, Prentice-Hall, 1979.
• (Curatore, con David V. Erdman) The Complete Poetry and Prose by William Blake, Bantam Doubleday Dell, November 1981.
• (Introduzione) On the Bible: Eighteen Studies by Martin Buber, New York: Schocken, 1982.
• (Premessa) Elizabeth Bishop and her art, curato da Lloyd Schwartz & Sybil P. Estess, University of Michigan Press, 1983.
• (Introduzione) Musical Variations on Jewish Thought by Olivier Revault d'Allonnes, Trad. dal francese da Judith L. Greenberg, New York, Geo. Braziller, 1984.
• (Premessa) The Romantic Sublime by Thomas Weiskel, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2nd Edition, 1986.
• (Postfazione) Selected poems of Jay Wright, curato e con introduzione di Robert B. Stepto, 1987.
• (Premessa) Literary Outtakes, di Larry Dark, Ballantine, 1990.
• (Curatore, con Frank Kermode, Lionel Trilling, John Hollander) The Oxford Anthology of English Literature, Vol. 2, Oxford University Press, November 1990.
• (Curatore, con Lionel Trilling) Victorian Prose and Poetry, Oxford University Press, novembre 1990.
• (Premessa) Freud's Dream of Interpretation, di Ken Frieden, novembre 1990.
• (Introduzione) Unlocking the English Language, di Robert Burchfield, New York, Hill & Wang/FSG, 1991.
• (Commento) The Gospel of Thomas, The Hidden Sayings of Jesus, Traduzione, con introduzione, edizione critica del testo Copto, con note di Marvin Meyer, San Francisco: HarperSanFrancisco, 1992.
• (Curatore, con Paul Kane) Collected Poems and Translations of Ralph Waldo Emerson, di Ralph Waldo Emerson, Library of America, aprile 1992.
• (Commento) Zakhor: Jewish History and Jewish Memory, di Yosef Hayim Yerushalmi, e William Golding, University of Washington Press, marzo 1996.
• (Postfazione) A Dybbuk and Other Tales of the Supernatural, Trad. di S. Ansky & Joachim Neugroschel, adattato da Tony Kushner, Consortium Book Sales, maggio 1997.
• (Curatore, con David Lehman) The Best of the Best American Poetry 1988-1997, Scribner, 1998.
• (Introduzione, with Ralph Manheim) Alone with the Alone: Creative Imagination in the Sufism of Ibn 'Arabi by Henry Corbin, Princeton University Press, aprile 1998.
• (Introduzione) The Collected Poems of Robert Penn Warren, curato da John Burt, Louisiana State University Press, ottobre 1998.
• (Premessa) Death in Venice, Tonio Kroger, and Other Writings by Thomas Mann, curato da Frederick A. Lubich, Continuum Intl Publishing Group, luglio 1999.
• (Introduzione) The Body Electric: America's best Poetry from the American poetry Review, di Stephen Berg, 2000.
• (Introduzione) On the Bible: Eighteen Studies by Martin Buber, curato da Nahum Norbert Glatzer, Syracuse University Press, febbraio 2000.
• (Postfazione) Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, Foreword by Walter James Miller, Signet Classic paperback: August 2000.
• (Premessa) Anatomy of Criticism: Four Essays, With a new foreword by Harold Bloom, di Northrop Frye, agosto 2000.
• (Introduzione) Blood Meridian, by Cormac McCarthy, gennaio 2001.
• (Introduzione) The Complete Poems of Hart Crane, The Centennial Edition, curato da Marc Simon, con nuova introd. di Harold Bloom, maggio 2001.
• (Introduzione) Absorbing Perfections: Kabbalah and Interpretation di Moshe Idel, Yale University Press, 2002.
• (Premessa) Long Day's Journey into Night, di Eugene O'Neill, febbraio 2002.
• (Premessa) Côte Blanche di Martha Serpas, febbraio 2002.
• (Premessa) Atlantic Poets: Fernando Pessoa's turn in Anglo-American modernism, di Irene Ramalho Santos, University Press of New England, 2003.
• (Curatore) Walt Whitman, Selected Poems by Walt Whitman, febbraio 2003.
• (Premessa) Selected Poems by Conrad Aiken, Oxford University Press, April 2003.
• (Premessa) The Ornament of the World: How Muslims, Jews, and Christians Created a Culture of Tolerance in Medieval Spain, di Maria Rosa Menocal, aprile 2003.
• (Introduzione) Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes, Trad. di Edith Grossman, Ecco Press, novembre 2003.
• (Introduzione) Peripheral Light, Selected and New Poems, by John Kinsella, novembre 2003.
• (Introduzione) Leaves of Grass, di Walt Whitman, 2005
• (Premessa) The Iceman Cometh, di Eugene O'Neill, Yale University Press, 2006.

[modifica] Scelta di articoli

• On Extended Wings; Wallace Stevens' Longer Poems. By Helen Hennessy Vendler, (review), New York Times, October 5, 1969.
• Poets' meeting in the heyday of their youth; A Single Summer With Lord Byron, New York Times, February 15, 1970.
• An angel's spirit in a decaying (and active) body, New York Times, November 22, 1970.
• The Use of Poetry, New York Times, November 12, 1975.
• Northrop Frye exalting the designs of romance; The Secular Scripture, New York Times, April 18, 1976.
• On Solitude in America, New York Times, August 4, 1977.
• The Critic/Poet, New York Times, February 5, 1978.
• A Fusion of Traditions; Rosenberg, New York Times, July 22, 1979.
• Straight Forth Out of Self, New York Times, June 22, 1980.
• The Heavy Burden of the Past; Poets, New York Times, January 4, 1981.
• The Pictures of the Poet; The Painting and Drawings of William Blake, By Martin Butlin. Vol. I, Text. Vol. II, Plates, (Review) New York Times, January 3, 1982.
• A Novelist's Bible; The Story of the Stories, The Chosen People and Its God. By Dan Jacobson, (Review) New York Times, October 17, 1982.
• Isaac Bashevis Singer's Jeremiad; The Penitent, By Isaac Bashevis Singer, (Review) New York Times, September 25, 1983.
• Domestic Derangements; A Late Divorce, By A. B. Yehoshua Translated by Hillel Halkin, (Review) New York Times, February 19, 1984.
• War Within the Walls; In the Freud Archives, By Janet Malcolm, (Review) New York Times, May 27, 1984.
• His Long Ordeal by Laughter; Zuckerman Bound, A Trilogy and Epilogue. By Philip Roth, (Review) New York Times, May 19, 1985.
• A Comedy of Worldly Salvation; The Good Apprentice, By Iris Murdoch, (Review) New York Times, January 12, 1986.
• Freud, the Greatest Modern Writer (Review) New York Times, March 23, 1986.
• Passionate Beholder of America in Trouble; Look Homeward, A Life of Thomas Wolfe. By David Herbert Donald, (Review) New York Times, February 8, 1987.
• The Book of the Father; The Messiah of Stockholm, By Cynthia Ozick, (Review) New York Times, March 22, 1987.
• Still Haunted by Covenant; The Penguin Book of Modern Yiddish Verse, Edited by Irving Howe, Ruth R. Wisse and Khone Shmeruk; American Yiddish Poetry, A Bilingual Anthology. Edited by Benjamin and Barbara Harshav; Selected Poems of Yankev Glatshteyn, Edited and translated by Richard J. Fein, (Reviews) New York Times, January 31, 1988.
• New Heyday of Gnostic Heresies, New York Times, April 26, 1992.
• A Jew Among the Cossacks; The first English translation of Isaac Babel's journal about his service with the Russian cavalry. 1920 Diary, By Isaac Babel, (Review) New York Times, June 4, 1995.
• Kaddish; By Leon Wieseltier, (Review) New York Times, October 4, 1998.
• View; On First Looking Into Gates's Crichton, New York Times, June 4, 2000.
• What Ho, Malvolio!'; The election, as Shakespeare might have seen it, New York Times, December 6, 2000.
• Macbush, (play) Vanity Fair, April, 2004.

[modifica] Premi

• Fulbright Fellowship, 1955
• John Addison Porter Prize, Yale University, 1956, for Shelley's Mythmaking
• Guggenheim fellowship, 1962-63
• Newton Arvin Award, 1967
• Melville Cane Award, Poetry Society of America, 1971, for Yeats
• National Book Awards (membro della giuria), 1973
• D.H.L., Boston College, 1973
• D.H.L., Yeshiva University, 1975
• Zabel Prize, American Institute of Arts and Letters, 1982
• Sterling Professorship, Yale University, 1983
• MacArthur Prize fellowship, 1985
• Christian Gauss Award, 1988, per Ruin the Sacred Truths
• Boston Book Review Rea Nonfiction Prize, 1995, per The Western Canon: The Books and School of the Ages
• D.H.L., Università di Bologna, 1997
• D.H.L., St. Michael's College, 1998
• National Book Award finalista nella saggistica, per Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human, 1998
• National Book Critics Circle Award finalista, per la critica, con Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human, 1998
• New York Times Notable Book of the Year, per Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human, 1998
• One of Publishers Weekly Best Books of the Year, per Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human, 1998
• ALA/Booklist Editor's Choice, per Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human, 1998
• D.H.L., Università di Roma, 1999
• 14th Catalonia International Prize, 2002
• Hans Christian Andersen Award, Odense 2005, per la sua opera di promozione di Hans Christian Andersen quale uno dei grandi scrittori del XIX secolo.

[modifica] La critica

• Allen, Graham, Harold Bloom: Poetics of Conflict, Harvester Wheatsheaf (New York, NY), 1994.
• Contemporary Literary Criticism, Volume 24, Gale (Detroit), 1983.
• De Bolla, Peter, Harold Bloom: Toward Historical Rhetorics, Routledge (New York, NY), 1988.
• Dictionary of Literary Biography, Volume 67: Modern American Critics since 1955, Gale, 1988.
• Fite, David, Harold Bloom: The Rhetoric of Romantic Vision, University of Massachusetts Press (Amherst), 1985.
• Moynihan, Robert, A Recent Imagining: Interviews with Harold Bloom, Geoffrey Hartman, J. Hillis Miller, Paul De Man, Archon, 1986.
• Saurberg, Lars Ole, Versions of the Past--Visions of the Future: The Canonical in the Criticism of T. S. Eliot, F. R. Leavis, Northrop Frye, and Harold Bloom, St. Martin's Press (New York, NY), 1997.
• Scherr, Barry J., D. H. Lawrence's Response to Plato: A Bloomian Interpretation, P. Lang (New York, NY), 1995.
• Sellars, Roy (ed.), & Graham Allen (ed.). The Salt Companion to Harold Bloom. Cambridge: Salt, 2007. Informazioni.

[modifica] Collegamenti esterni

• "Harold Bloom's Period One canon"
• "Harold Bloom's Period Two canon"
• "Harold Bloom's Period Three canon"
• "Harold Bloom's Period Four canon"
• Codex Occidentium Librorum, il Canone Occidentale di Bloom
• Intervista con Bloom su NPR, sul suo libro Jesus and Yahweh: The Names Divine
• Intervista con Bloom su BookTV, in merito al suo libro How to Read and Why (2000).
• Intervista con Bloom su The NewsHour con Jim Lehrer, in merito al suo libro How to Read and Why (2000).
• Interviste con Harold Bloom su Charlie Rose
• God and Harold at Yale, un saggio dalla rivista Claremont Review su Bloom e il suo libro, "Jesus and Yahweh"
• Colazione col Brontosauro, intervista del 26/10/2004 di Ieva Lesinska.
• Minute di un'intervista su C-SPAN - "Booknotes"
• Intervista radio condotta da Christopher Lydon, Harvard Law Weblogs 03/09/2003.
• Intervista di Jennie Rothenberg, su The Atlantic 16/07/2003.
• "Il saggio di Concord", articolo di Bloom su Ralph Waldo Emerson, Guardian Unlimited 24/05/2003.
• Intervista sul sito BarnesAndNoble.com.
• Estratti da varie interviste di Bloom, The Stanford Presidential Lecture Series.
• Dumbing down American readers, Harold Bloom, Boston Globe 24/09/2003.
• Can 35 Million Book Buyers Be Wrong? Yes.. Harold Bloom, Wall Street Journal 11/07/2000. Famosa critica di Bloom sulla serie di Harry Potter.