Lentinula edodes: differenze tra le versioni

Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.
Vai alla navigazione Vai alla ricerca
Naviga nella cronologia in modo interattivo
← Differenza precedenteDifferenza successiva →
Contenuto cancellato Contenuto aggiunto
VisualeWikitesto
M.violante (discussione | contributi)
13 673 modifiche
Nessun oggetto della modifica
M.violante (discussione | contributi)
13 673 modifiche
Riga 86: Riga 86:


==Proprietà==
==Proprietà==
[[Image:Lentinan.png|thumb|Lentinano, un [[beta-glucano]] isolato dal fungo]]
Lo ''shiitake'' è nutritivo, ricco di [[proteine]] (il contenuto di queste corrisponde a circa il 17,5% del totale di materia secca), con nove [[amminoacido|amminoacidi]] essenziali. Contiene inoltre sostanze che favoriscono il controllo della [[pressione arteriosa]], la riduzione del livello di [[colesterolo]], il rafforzamento del [[sistema immunologico]] e l'inibizione dello sviluppo di tumori, vírus e batteri.
Lo ''shiitake'' è nutritivo, ricco di [[proteine]] (il contenuto di queste corrisponde a circa il 17,5% del totale di materia secca), con nove [[amminoacido|amminoacidi]] essenziali. Contiene inoltre sostanze che favoriscono il controllo della [[pressione arteriosa]], la riduzione del livello di [[colesterolo]], il rafforzamento del [[sistema immunologico]] e l'inibizione dello sviluppo di tumori, vírus e batteri.

Sugli effetti anti-cancro di una particolare sostanza isolata dal fungo sono in corso studi clinici.<ref name="COHshiitake">
{{citation
| url=http://www.cityofhope.org/about/publications/eHope/2008-vol-7-num-11-november-26/Pages/can-a-mushroom-help-fight-lung-cancer.aspx
| title=Can a mushroom help fight lung cancer?
| author=Alicia Di Rado
| publisher=[[City of Hope National Medical Center]]
| place=Duarte, California
| work=ehope
| volume=7
| issue=11
| date=26 November 2008
| accessdate=25 June 2009
}}</ref>

Altre ricerche hanno dimostrato che il Lentinula edodes:

*Stimola il sistema immunitario<ref name="pmid9404070">
{{citation
| author = Yamamoto Y, Shirono H, Kono K, Ohashi Y.
| title = Immunopotentiating activity of the water-soluble lignin rich fraction prepared from LEM--the extract of the solid culture medium of Lentinus edodes mycelia.
| journal = Biosci Biotechnol Biochem
| volume = 61
| issue = 11
| pages = 1909–12
| publisher =
| location =
| year = 1997
| month = Nov
| url =
| doi =
| pmid = 9404070
}}</ref>
*Possiede proprietà antibatteriche<ref name="pmid10221419 ">
{{citation
| author =Hirasawa M, Shouji N, Neta T, Fukushima K, Takada K
| title =Three kinds of antibacterial substances from Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing. (Shiitake, an edible mushroom).
| journal =Int J Antimicrob Agents
| volume =11
| issue =2
| pages =151–7
| publisher =
| location =
| year =1999
| month =Feb
| url =
| doi =10.1016/S0924-8579(98)00084-3
| pmid =10221419
}}</ref><ref name="pmid2079094">
{{citation
| author =Tsujinaka T, Yokota M, Kambayashi J, Ou MC, Kido Y, Mori T
| title =Modification of septic processes by beta-glucan administration
| journal =Eur Surg Res
| volume =22
| issue =6
| pages =340–6
| year =1990
| month =
| doi =10.1159/000129120
| pmid =2079094
}}</ref><ref name="pmid11137653">
{{citation
| author =Hatvani N
| title =Antibacterial effect of the culture fluid of Lentinus edodes mycelium grown in submerged liquid culture.
| journal =Int J Antimicrob Agents
| volume =17
| issue =1
| pages =71–4
| year =2001
| month =January
| doi =10.1016/S0924-8579(00)00311-3
| pmid=11137653
}}</ref>
*Possiede proprietà antivirali<ref name="pmid9404070" /><ref name=Takehara>
{{citation
|author=Takehara M, Kuida K, Mori K
|title=Antiviral activity of virus-like particles from Lentinus edodes (Shiitake)
|journal=Archives of Virology
|volume=59
|issue=3
|pages=269–74
|year=1979
|pmid=222241
|doi=10.1007/BF01317423
}}</ref> (anche anti-[[HIV]]<ref name="pmid10503166">
{{citation
| author =Gordon M, Bihari B, Goosby E, Gorter R, Greco M, Guralnik M, Mimura T, Rudinicki V, Wong R, Kaneko Y
| title =A placebo-controlled trial of the immune modulator, lentinan, in HIV-positive patients: a phase I/II trial
| journal =J Med
| volume =29
| issue =5-6
| pages =305–30
| year =1998
| month =
| doi =
| pmid =10503166
}}</ref><ref name="pmid2477523">
{{citation
| author = Tochikura TS, Nakashima H, Yamamoto N
| title = Antiviral agents with activity against human retroviruses.
| journal = J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
| volume = 2
| issue = 5
| pages = 441–7
| year = 1989
| month =
| url =
| doi =
| pmid = 2477523
}}</ref><ref name="pmid2469420">
{{citation
| author =Suzuki H, Okubo A, Yamazaki S, Suzuki K, Mitsuya H, Toda S
| title =Inhibition of the infectivity and cytopathic effect of human immunodeficiency virus by water-soluble lignin in an extract of the culture medium of Lentinus edodes mycelia (LEM).
| journal =Biochem Biophys Res Commun
| volume =160
| issue =1
| pages =367–73
| year =1989
| month =
| doi =10.1016/0006-291X(89)91665-3
| pmid =2469420
}}</ref> e anti-[[HSV-1]]<ref name="pmid8387258">
{{citation
| author =Sarkar S, Koga J, Whitley RJ, Chatterjee S
| title =Antiviral effect of the extract of culture medium of Lentinus edodes mycelia on the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1
| journal =Antiviral Res
| volume =20
| issue =4
| pages =293–303
| year =1993
| month =
| doi =10.1016/0166-3542(93)90073-R
| pmid =8387258
}}</ref> properties.)
*Contiene inibitore della proteasi<ref name="pmid10411656">
{{citation
| author =Odani S, Tominaga K, Kondou S, Hori H, Koide T, Hara S, Isemura M, Tsunasawa S
| title =The inhibitory properties and primary structure of a novel serine proteinase inhibitor from the fruiting body of the basidiomycete, Lentinus edodes
| journal =Eur J Biochem.
| volume =262
| issue =3
| pages =915–23
| year =1999
| month =
| doi =10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00463.x
| pmid =10411656
}}</ref>
*Riduce l'aggregazione delle piastrine<ref name="pmid15630278">
{{citation
|author=Shimada S, Komamura K, Kumagai H, Sakurai H
|title=Inhibitory activity of shiitake flavor against platelet aggregation
|journal=Biofactors
|volume=22
|issue=1-4
|pages=177–9
|year=2004
|pmid=15630278
|doi=10.1002/biof.5520220136
|url=http://iospress.metapress.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&issn=0951-6433&volume=22&issue=1&spage=177
}}</ref>

[[Active Hexose Correlated Compound]] (AHCC) è un α-glucano isolato dal fungo.<ref>
{{Citation
|author=Spierings EL, Fujii H, Sun B ''et al.''
|year=2007
|title=A Phase I study of the safety of the nutritional supplement, active hexose correlated compound, AHCC, in healthy volunteers
|journal=J Nutr Sci Vitaminol
|volume=53
|issue=
|pages=536–539
|doi=10.3177/jnsv.53.536
}}</ref> AHCC is a well tolerated compound<ref name="pmid18202543">{{cite journal |author=Spierings EL, Fujii H, Sun B, Walshe T |title=A Phase I study of the safety of the nutritional supplement, active hexose correlated compound, AHCC, in healthy volunteers |journal=J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol. |volume=53 |issue=6 |pages=536–9 |year=2007 |month=December |pmid=18202543 |doi= |url=}}</ref> che possiete attività [[antiossidante]]<ref name="pmid15147233">{{cite journal |author=Ye SF, Wakame K, Ichimura K, Matsuzaki S |title=Amelioration by active hexose correlated compound of endocrine disturbances induced by oxidative stress in the rat |journal=Endocr Regul |volume=38 |issue=1 |pages=7–13 |year=2004 |month=March |pmid=15147233 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid14623030">{{cite journal |author=Ye SF, Ichimura K, Wakame K, Ohe M |title=Suppressive effects of Active Hexose Correlated Compound on the increased activity of hepatic and renal ornithine decarboxylase induced by oxidative stress |journal=Life Sci. |volume=74 |issue=5 |pages=593–602 |year=2003 |month=December |pmid=14623030 |doi= |url=}}</ref>, ed è metabolizzato attraverso il percorso [[CYP450|CYP450 2D6]].<ref name="pmid19087767">{{cite journal |author=Mach CM, Fugii H, Wakame K, Smith J |title=Evaluation of active hexose correlated compound hepatic metabolism and potential for drug interactions with chemotherapy agents |journal=J Soc Integr Oncol |volume=6 |issue=3 |pages=105–9 |year=2008 |pmid=19087767 |doi= |url=}}</ref> Ricerche hanno dimostrato che AHCC possiede le seguenti proprietà:
*Incrementa la resistenza ai patogeni<ref name="pmid19285605">{{cite journal |author=Nogusa S, Gerbino J, Ritz BW |title=Low-dose supplementation with active hexose correlated compound improves the immune response to acute influenza infection in C57BL/6 mice |journal=Nutr Res |volume=29 |issue=2 |pages=139–43 |year=2009 |month=February |pmid=19285605 |doi=10.1016/j.nutres.2009.01.005 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19141700">{{cite journal |author=Wang S, Welte T, Fang H, ''et al.'' |title=Oral administration of active hexose correlated compound enhances host resistance to West Nile encephalitis in mice |journal=J. Nutr. |volume=139 |issue=3 |pages=598–602 |year=2009 |month=March |pmid=19141700 |doi=10.3945/jn.108.100297 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid18304499">{{cite journal |author=Aviles H, O'Donnell P, Orshal J, Fujii H, Sun B, Sonnenfeld G |title=Active hexose correlated compound activates immune function to decrease bacterial load in a murine model of intramuscular infection |journal=Am. J. Surg. |volume=195 |issue=4 |pages=537–45 |year=2008 |month=April |pmid=18304499 |doi=10.1016/j.amjsurg.2007.05.045 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid18752476">{{cite journal |author=Ritz BW |title=Supplementation with active hexose correlated compound increases survival following infectious challenge in mice |journal=Nutr. Rev. |volume=66 |issue=9 |pages=526–31 |year=2008 |month=September |pmid=18752476 |doi=10.1111/j.1753-4887.2008.00085.x |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid17233570">{{cite journal |author=Aviles H, O'Donnell P, Sun B, Sonnenfeld G |title=Active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) enhances resistance to infection in a mouse model of surgical wound infection |journal=Surg Infect (Larchmt) |volume=7 |issue=6 |pages=527–35 |year=2006 |month=December |pmid=17233570 |doi=10.1089/sur.2006.7.527 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid17056815">{{cite journal |author=Ritz BW, Nogusa S, Ackerman EA, Gardner EM |title=Supplementation with active hexose correlated compound increases the innate immune response of young mice to primary influenza infection |journal=J. Nutr. |volume=136 |issue=11 |pages=2868–73 |year=2006 |month=November |pmid=17056815 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*Produce effetti anti-cancro<ref name="pmid12076865">{{cite journal |author=Matsui Y, Uhara J, Satoi S, ''et al.'' |title=Improved prognosis of postoperative hepatocellular carcinoma patients when treated with functional foods: a prospective cohort study |journal=J. Hepatol. |volume=37 |issue=1 |pages=78–86 |year=2002 |month=July |pmid=12076865 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19104437">{{cite journal |author=Turner J, Chaudhary U |title=Dramatic prostate-specific antigen response with activated hemicellulose compound in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer |journal=Anticancer Drugs |volume=20 |issue=3 |pages=215–6 |year=2009 |month=March |pmid=19104437 |doi=10.1097/CAD.0b013e3283163c26 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16913187">{{cite journal |author=Cowawintaweewat S, Manoromana S, Sriplung H, ''et al.'' |title=Prognostic improvement of patients with advanced liver cancer after active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) treatment |journal=Asian Pac. J. Allergy Immunol. |volume=24 |issue=1 |pages=33–45 |year=2006 |month=March |pmid=16913187 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*Incrementa la funzione immune<ref>
{{Citation
|author=Terakawa N, Matsui Y, Satoi S ''et al.''
|year=2008
|title=Immunological effect of active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) in healthy volunteers: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study
|journal=Nutr Cancer
|volume=60
|issue=
|pages=643–51
|doi=10.1080/01635580801993280
}}</ref><ref name="pmid16362410">{{cite journal |author=Gao Y, Zhang D, Sun B, Fujii H, Kosuna K, Yin Z |title=Active hexose correlated compound enhances tumor surveillance through regulating both innate and adaptive immune responses |journal=Cancer Immunol. Immunother. |volume=55 |issue=10 |pages=1258–66 |year=2006 |month=October |pmid=16362410 |doi=10.1007/s00262-005-0111-9 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid15194672">{{cite journal |author=Aviles H, Belay T, Vance M, Sun B, Sonnenfeld G |title=Active hexose correlated compound enhances the immune function of mice in the hindlimb-unloading model of spaceflight conditions |journal=J. Appl. Physiol. |volume=97 |issue=4 |pages=1437–44 |year=2004 |month=October |pmid=15194672 |doi=10.1152/japplphysiol.00259.2004 |url=}}</ref>

Il [[Lentinano]], un composto isolato dal L.edodes, viene impiegato come un agente anti tumorale per via endovenosai n alcuni paesi.<ref name="Sloan-Kettering Hospital">
{{citation
| year = 2009
| url = http://www.mskcc.org/mskcc/html/69279.cfm
| publisher=[[Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center]]
| title=Lentinian
| work=About herbs
}}</ref> Studies have demonstrated [[lentinan]], possesses anti-tumor properties,<ref name=Kim_1999>
{{Citation
|author=Kim H, Kacew S, Lee B
|title=In vitro chemopreventive effects of plant polysaccharides (Aloe barbadensis miller, Lentinus edodes, Ganoderma lucidum and Coriolus versicolor)
|journal=Carcinogenesis
|volume=20
|issue=8
|pages=1637–40
|year=1999
|pmid=10426820
|doi=10.1093/carcin/20.8.1637
}}</ref> e studi cinici hanno associato il Lentinano ad un'aspettativa di vita più alta, una miglior qualità della vita, e ad una bassa incidenza dei tumori.<ref name="pmid = 18670743">
{{citation
| author = Yang P, Liang M, Zhang Y, Shen B.
| title = Clinical application of a combination therapy of lentinan, multi-electrode RFA and TACE in HCC.
| journal = Adv Ther.
| volume = 25
| issue = 8
| pages = 787–94
| publisher =
| location =
| year = 2008
| month = Aug
| doi = 10.1007/s12325-008-0079-x
| pmid = 18670743
}}</ref><ref name="pmid = 16897983">
{{citation
| author = Nimura H, Mitsumori N, Takahashi N,
| title = [S-1 combined with lentinan in patients with unresectable or recurrent gastric cancer]
| journal = Gan to Kagaku Ryoho.
| volume = 33
| issue = 1
| pages = 106–9
| publisher =
| location =
| year = 2006
| month = Jun
| doi =
| pmid = 16897983
| issn =
}}</ref><ref name="pmid = 10522061">
{{citation
| author = Nakano H, Namatame K, Nemoto H, Motohashi H, Nishiyama K, Kumada K.
| title = A multi-institutional prospective study of lentinan in advanced gastric cancer patients with unresectable and recurrent diseases: effect on prolongation of survival and improvement of quality of life. Kanagawa Lentinan Research Group.
| journal = Hepatogastroenterology.
| volume = 46
| issue = 28
| pages = 2662–8
| publisher =
| location =
| year = 1999
| month =
| doi =
| pmid = 10522061
| issn =
}}</ref><ref name="pmid19596954">{{cite journal |author=Oba K, Kobayashi M, Matsui T, Kodera Y, Sakamoto J |title=Individual Patient Based Meta-analysis of Lentinan for Unresectable/Recurrent Gastric Cancer |journal=Anticancer Res. |volume=29 |issue=7 |pages=2739–45 |year=2009 |month=July |pmid=19596954 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19596936">{{cite journal |author=Hazama S, Watanabe S, Ohashi M, ''et al.'' |title=Efficacy of Orally Administered Superfine Dispersed Lentinan ({beta}-1,3-Glucan) for the Treatment of Advanced Colorectal Cancer |journal=Anticancer Res. |volume=29 |issue=7 |pages=2611–7 |year=2009 |month=July |pmid=19596936 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19579640">{{cite journal |author=Kataoka H, Shimura T, Mizoshita T, ''et al.'' |title=Lentinan with S-1 and paclitaxel for gastric cancer chemotherapy improve patient quality of life |journal=Hepatogastroenterology |volume=56 |issue=90 |pages=547–50 |year=2009 |pmid=19579640 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19579616">{{cite journal |author=Isoda N, Eguchi Y, Nukaya H, ''et al.'' |title=Clinical efficacy of superfine dispersed lentinan (beta-1,3-glucan) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma |journal=Hepatogastroenterology |volume=56 |issue=90 |pages=437–41 |year=2009 |pmid=19579616 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19453066">{{cite journal |author=Shimizu K, Watanabe S, Watanabe S, ''et al.'' |title=Efficacy of oral administered superfine dispersed lentinan for advanced pancreatic cancer |journal=Hepatogastroenterology |volume=56 |issue=89 |pages=240–4 |year=2009 |pmid=19453066 |doi= |url=}}</ref>


==Bibliografia==
==Bibliografia==

Versione delle 12:47, 9 set 2009

Abbozzo funghi
Questa voce sull'argomento funghi è solo un abbozzo.
Contribuisci a migliorarla secondo le convenzioni di Wikipedia. Segui i suggerimenti del progetto di riferimento.
Come leggere il tassoboxProgetto:Forme di vita/Come leggere il tassobox
Come leggere il tassobox
Lentinula edodes

Lentinula edodes
Classificazione scientifica
Regno Fungi
Divisione Basidiomycota
Classe Basidiomycetes
Ordine Agaricales
Famiglia Marasmiaceae
Genere Marasmius
Specie L. edodes
Nomenclatura binomiale
Lentinula edodes
(Berk.) Pegler, 1976
Nomi comuni

shiitake

Lentinula edodes
Caratteristiche morfologiche
Cappello
convesso
Imenio
Lamelle
libere
Sporata
bianca
Velo
anello
Carne
immutabile
Ecologia
Commestibilità
commestibile
Manuale

Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler, Kavaka 3: 20 (1976).

Lentinula edodes è un fungo basidiomicete di origine asiatica ed è attualmente il secondo fungo commestibile più consumato al mondo.

Descrizione della specie

Cappello

Circolare o reniforme, 5-12 cm di diametro, prima convesso, poi appianato, con un umbone poco evidente.

Margine
sottile, ondulato a maturità.
Cuticola
di colore bruno-ocraceo o bruno -violaceo, ricoperta di verruche biancastre, disposte in circoli, che scompaiono con l'età.

Lamelle

bianche, poi ocracee, bruno-rossastre quando rotte; adnate, poi libere.

Gambo

Robusto, tozzo, ventrale o eccentrico, bianco nella parte superiore, bianco-ocra striato nella parte restante, 3-5 x 1-1,5 cm.

Anello

effimero, costituito da residui della cortina, di colore biancastro o bruno nocciola.

Carne

Biancastra

Odore
tenue
Sapore
acidulo

Microscopia

Spore
Subcilindriche, bianche in massa, 5-7 x 4 μm.

Habitat

Cresce in autunno e in primavera su tronchi di latifoglie

Commestibilità

Ottima.

Etimologia

Dal latino

Sinonimi e binomi obsoleti

  • Agaricus edodes Berk., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16: 50 (1878)
  • Armillaria edodes (Berk.) Sacc., Syll. fung. (Abellini) 5: 79 (1887)
  • Collybia shiitake J. Schröt., Gartenflora 35: 105 (1886)
  • Cortinellus shiitake (J. Schröt.) Henn., Notizblatt des Königl. bot. Gartens u. Museum zu Berlin 2: 385 (1899)
  • Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Singer, Mycologia 33(4): 451 (1941)
  • Lentinus mellianus Lohwag,: no. 698 (1918)
  • Lentinus shiitake (J. Schroeter) Singer, Annls mycol. 34(4/5): 332 (1936)
  • Lentinus tonkinensis Pat., J. Bot. Morot 4: 14 (1890)
  • Lepiota shiitake (J. Schröt.) Nobuj. Tanaka, Bot. Mag., Tokyo 3: 159 (1889)
  • Mastoleucomyces edodes (Berk.) Kuntze, Revis. gen. pl. (Leipzig) 2: 861 (1891)
  • Tricholoma shiitake (J. Schröt.) Lloyd, Mycol. Writ. 5 (Letter 67): 11 (1918)

Nomi comuni

In Giappone, in cui è intensamente coltivato, è conosciuto come shiitake, termine che trae origine dalla parola giapponese shii (un albero simile alla quercia) e take (fungo).

Curiosità

Il primo riferimento al consumo dello shiitake in Giappone risale al 199 AD.

Proprietà

File:Lentinan.png
Lentinano, un beta-glucano isolato dal fungo

Lo shiitake è nutritivo, ricco di proteine (il contenuto di queste corrisponde a circa il 17,5% del totale di materia secca), con nove amminoacidi essenziali. Contiene inoltre sostanze che favoriscono il controllo della pressione arteriosa, la riduzione del livello di colesterolo, il rafforzamento del sistema immunologico e l'inibizione dello sviluppo di tumori, vírus e batteri.

Sugli effetti anti-cancro di una particolare sostanza isolata dal fungo sono in corso studi clinici.[1]

Altre ricerche hanno dimostrato che il Lentinula edodes:

  • Stimola il sistema immunitario[2]
  • Possiede proprietà antibatteriche[3][4][5]
  • Possiede proprietà antivirali[2][6] (anche anti-HIV[7][8][9] e anti-HSV-1[10] properties.)
  • Contiene inibitore della proteasi[11]
  • Riduce l'aggregazione delle piastrine[12]

Active Hexose Correlated Compound (AHCC) è un α-glucano isolato dal fungo.[13] AHCC is a well tolerated compound[14] che possiete attività antiossidante[15][16], ed è metabolizzato attraverso il percorso CYP450 2D6.[17] Ricerche hanno dimostrato che AHCC possiede le seguenti proprietà:

Il Lentinano, un composto isolato dal L.edodes, viene impiegato come un agente anti tumorale per via endovenosai n alcuni paesi.[30] Studies have demonstrated lentinan, possesses anti-tumor properties,[31] e studi cinici hanno associato il Lentinano ad un'aspettativa di vita più alta, una miglior qualità della vita, e ad una bassa incidenza dei tumori.[32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]

Bibliografia

(EN) Lentinula edodes, in Index Fungorum, CABI Bioscience. Template:Micologia

  1. ^ Alicia Di Rado, Can a mushroom help fight lung cancer?, vol. 7, n. 11, City of Hope National Medical Center, 26 November 2008. URL consultato il 25 June 2009.
  2. ^ a b Yamamoto Y, Shirono H, Kono K, Ohashi Y., Immunopotentiating activity of the water-soluble lignin rich fraction prepared from LEM--the extract of the solid culture medium of Lentinus edodes mycelia., in Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, vol. 61, n. 11, Nov 1997, pp. 1909–12.
  3. ^ Hirasawa M, Shouji N, Neta T, Fukushima K, Takada K, Three kinds of antibacterial substances from Lentinus edodes (Berk.) Sing. (Shiitake, an edible mushroom)., in Int J Antimicrob Agents, vol. 11, n. 2, Feb 1999, pp. 151–7, DOI:10.1016/S0924-8579(98)00084-3.
  4. ^ Tsujinaka T, Yokota M, Kambayashi J, Ou MC, Kido Y, Mori T, Modification of septic processes by beta-glucan administration, in Eur Surg Res, vol. 22, n. 6, 1990, pp. 340–6, DOI:10.1159/000129120.
  5. ^ Hatvani N, Antibacterial effect of the culture fluid of Lentinus edodes mycelium grown in submerged liquid culture., in Int J Antimicrob Agents, vol. 17, n. 1, January 2001, pp. 71–4, DOI:10.1016/S0924-8579(00)00311-3.
  6. ^ Takehara M, Kuida K, Mori K, Antiviral activity of virus-like particles from Lentinus edodes (Shiitake), in Archives of Virology, vol. 59, n. 3, 1979, pp. 269–74, DOI:10.1007/BF01317423.
  7. ^ Gordon M, Bihari B, Goosby E, Gorter R, Greco M, Guralnik M, Mimura T, Rudinicki V, Wong R, Kaneko Y, A placebo-controlled trial of the immune modulator, lentinan, in HIV-positive patients: a phase I/II trial, in J Med, vol. 29, n. 5-6, 1998, pp. 305–30.
  8. ^ Tochikura TS, Nakashima H, Yamamoto N, Antiviral agents with activity against human retroviruses., in J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, vol. 2, n. 5, 1989, pp. 441–7.
  9. ^ Suzuki H, Okubo A, Yamazaki S, Suzuki K, Mitsuya H, Toda S, Inhibition of the infectivity and cytopathic effect of human immunodeficiency virus by water-soluble lignin in an extract of the culture medium of Lentinus edodes mycelia (LEM)., in Biochem Biophys Res Commun, vol. 160, n. 1, 1989, pp. 367–73, DOI:10.1016/0006-291X(89)91665-3.
  10. ^ Sarkar S, Koga J, Whitley RJ, Chatterjee S, Antiviral effect of the extract of culture medium of Lentinus edodes mycelia on the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1, in Antiviral Res, vol. 20, n. 4, 1993, pp. 293–303, DOI:10.1016/0166-3542(93)90073-R.
  11. ^ Odani S, Tominaga K, Kondou S, Hori H, Koide T, Hara S, Isemura M, Tsunasawa S, The inhibitory properties and primary structure of a novel serine proteinase inhibitor from the fruiting body of the basidiomycete, Lentinus edodes, in Eur J Biochem., vol. 262, n. 3, 1999, pp. 915–23, DOI:10.1046/j.1432-1327.1999.00463.x.
  12. ^ Shimada S, Komamura K, Kumagai H, Sakurai H, Inhibitory activity of shiitake flavor against platelet aggregation, in Biofactors, vol. 22, n. 1-4, 2004, pp. 177–9, DOI:10.1002/biof.5520220136.
  13. ^ Spierings EL, Fujii H, Sun B et al., A Phase I study of the safety of the nutritional supplement, active hexose correlated compound, AHCC, in healthy volunteers, in J Nutr Sci Vitaminol, vol. 53, 2007, pp. 536–539, DOI:10.3177/jnsv.53.536.
  14. ^ Spierings EL, Fujii H, Sun B, Walshe T, A Phase I study of the safety of the nutritional supplement, active hexose correlated compound, AHCC, in healthy volunteers, in J. Nutr. Sci. Vitaminol., vol. 53, n. 6, December 2007, pp. 536–9.
  15. ^ Ye SF, Wakame K, Ichimura K, Matsuzaki S, Amelioration by active hexose correlated compound of endocrine disturbances induced by oxidative stress in the rat, in Endocr Regul, vol. 38, n. 1, March 2004, pp. 7–13.
  16. ^ Ye SF, Ichimura K, Wakame K, Ohe M, Suppressive effects of Active Hexose Correlated Compound on the increased activity of hepatic and renal ornithine decarboxylase induced by oxidative stress, in Life Sci., vol. 74, n. 5, December 2003, pp. 593–602.
  17. ^ Mach CM, Fugii H, Wakame K, Smith J, Evaluation of active hexose correlated compound hepatic metabolism and potential for drug interactions with chemotherapy agents, in J Soc Integr Oncol, vol. 6, n. 3, 2008, pp. 105–9.
  18. ^ Nogusa S, Gerbino J, Ritz BW, Low-dose supplementation with active hexose correlated compound improves the immune response to acute influenza infection in C57BL/6 mice, in Nutr Res, vol. 29, n. 2, February 2009, pp. 139–43, DOI:10.1016/j.nutres.2009.01.005.
  19. ^ Wang S, Welte T, Fang H, et al., Oral administration of active hexose correlated compound enhances host resistance to West Nile encephalitis in mice, in J. Nutr., vol. 139, n. 3, March 2009, pp. 598–602, DOI:10.3945/jn.108.100297.
  20. ^ Aviles H, O'Donnell P, Orshal J, Fujii H, Sun B, Sonnenfeld G, Active hexose correlated compound activates immune function to decrease bacterial load in a murine model of intramuscular infection, in Am. J. Surg., vol. 195, n. 4, April 2008, pp. 537–45, DOI:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2007.05.045.
  21. ^ Ritz BW, Supplementation with active hexose correlated compound increases survival following infectious challenge in mice, in Nutr. Rev., vol. 66, n. 9, September 2008, pp. 526–31, DOI:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2008.00085.x.
  22. ^ Aviles H, O'Donnell P, Sun B, Sonnenfeld G, Active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) enhances resistance to infection in a mouse model of surgical wound infection, in Surg Infect (Larchmt), vol. 7, n. 6, December 2006, pp. 527–35, DOI:10.1089/sur.2006.7.527.
  23. ^ Ritz BW, Nogusa S, Ackerman EA, Gardner EM, Supplementation with active hexose correlated compound increases the innate immune response of young mice to primary influenza infection, in J. Nutr., vol. 136, n. 11, November 2006, pp. 2868–73.
  24. ^ Matsui Y, Uhara J, Satoi S, et al., Improved prognosis of postoperative hepatocellular carcinoma patients when treated with functional foods: a prospective cohort study, in J. Hepatol., vol. 37, n. 1, July 2002, pp. 78–86.
  25. ^ Turner J, Chaudhary U, Dramatic prostate-specific antigen response with activated hemicellulose compound in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer, in Anticancer Drugs, vol. 20, n. 3, March 2009, pp. 215–6, DOI:10.1097/CAD.0b013e3283163c26.
  26. ^ Cowawintaweewat S, Manoromana S, Sriplung H, et al., Prognostic improvement of patients with advanced liver cancer after active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) treatment, in Asian Pac. J. Allergy Immunol., vol. 24, n. 1, March 2006, pp. 33–45.
  27. ^ Terakawa N, Matsui Y, Satoi S et al., Immunological effect of active hexose correlated compound (AHCC) in healthy volunteers: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study, in Nutr Cancer, vol. 60, 2008, pp. 643–51, DOI:10.1080/01635580801993280.
  28. ^ Gao Y, Zhang D, Sun B, Fujii H, Kosuna K, Yin Z, Active hexose correlated compound enhances tumor surveillance through regulating both innate and adaptive immune responses, in Cancer Immunol. Immunother., vol. 55, n. 10, October 2006, pp. 1258–66, DOI:10.1007/s00262-005-0111-9.
  29. ^ Aviles H, Belay T, Vance M, Sun B, Sonnenfeld G, Active hexose correlated compound enhances the immune function of mice in the hindlimb-unloading model of spaceflight conditions, in J. Appl. Physiol., vol. 97, n. 4, October 2004, pp. 1437–44, DOI:10.1152/japplphysiol.00259.2004.
  30. ^ Lentinian, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 2009.
  31. ^ Kim H, Kacew S, Lee B, In vitro chemopreventive effects of plant polysaccharides (Aloe barbadensis miller, Lentinus edodes, Ganoderma lucidum and Coriolus versicolor), in Carcinogenesis, vol. 20, n. 8, 1999, pp. 1637–40, DOI:10.1093/carcin/20.8.1637.
  32. ^ Yang P, Liang M, Zhang Y, Shen B., Clinical application of a combination therapy of lentinan, multi-electrode RFA and TACE in HCC., in Adv Ther., vol. 25, n. 8, Aug 2008, pp. 787–94, DOI:10.1007/s12325-008-0079-x.
  33. ^ Nimura H, Mitsumori N, Takahashi N,, [S-1 combined with lentinan in patients with unresectable or recurrent gastric cancer], in Gan to Kagaku Ryoho., vol. 33, n. 1, Jun 2006, pp. 106–9.
  34. ^ Nakano H, Namatame K, Nemoto H, Motohashi H, Nishiyama K, Kumada K., A multi-institutional prospective study of lentinan in advanced gastric cancer patients with unresectable and recurrent diseases: effect on prolongation of survival and improvement of quality of life. Kanagawa Lentinan Research Group., in Hepatogastroenterology., vol. 46, n. 28, 1999, pp. 2662–8.
  35. ^ Oba K, Kobayashi M, Matsui T, Kodera Y, Sakamoto J, Individual Patient Based Meta-analysis of Lentinan for Unresectable/Recurrent Gastric Cancer, in Anticancer Res., vol. 29, n. 7, July 2009, pp. 2739–45.
  36. ^ Hazama S, Watanabe S, Ohashi M, et al., Efficacy of Orally Administered Superfine Dispersed Lentinan ({beta}-1,3-Glucan) for the Treatment of Advanced Colorectal Cancer, in Anticancer Res., vol. 29, n. 7, July 2009, pp. 2611–7.
  37. ^ Kataoka H, Shimura T, Mizoshita T, et al., Lentinan with S-1 and paclitaxel for gastric cancer chemotherapy improve patient quality of life, in Hepatogastroenterology, vol. 56, n. 90, 2009, pp. 547–50.
  38. ^ Isoda N, Eguchi Y, Nukaya H, et al., Clinical efficacy of superfine dispersed lentinan (beta-1,3-glucan) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, in Hepatogastroenterology, vol. 56, n. 90, 2009, pp. 437–41.
  39. ^ Shimizu K, Watanabe S, Watanabe S, et al., Efficacy of oral administered superfine dispersed lentinan for advanced pancreatic cancer, in Hepatogastroenterology, vol. 56, n. 89, 2009, pp. 240–4.
Estratto da "https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lentinula_edodes&oldid=26594701"