Utente:Ignisdelavega/PC

Relic, icon, or hoax?: carbon dating the Turin shroud Di Harry Edmund Gove
qui

sangue

qui per qui
porfirine

interessante

Preparazione dell'esame

In occasione dell'ostensione straordinaria della sindone avvenuta del 1978, fu costituito il Progetto di ricerca sulla Sindone di Torino (in inglese Shroud of Turin Research Project, "STURP").

Fin dall'anno successivo lo STURP manifestò l'intenzione di sottoporre il lenzuolo a vari studi, tra cui la datazione radio carbonio^[1]^[2] per la piccola quantità di materiale che richiedeva per le analisi^[3]. A tal scopo, nel 1982 una commissione guidata dal chimico Robert H. Dinegar e dal fisico Harry E. Gove dell'Università di Rochester, si occupò di interpellare diversi laboratori specializzati in datazioni di piccoli campioni. Sei laboratori diedero la disponibilità ad eseguire le datazioni. Questi usavano due diverse tecniche di datazione:

due laboratori utilizzavano il metodo del "contatore proporzionale",
- il Brookhaven National Laboratory, presso Upton, New York, Stati Uniti d'America
- e l'Atomic Energy Research Establishment di Harwell, Oxfordshire, Gran Bretagna;
quattro laboratori adottavano lo "spettrometro di massa":
- il laboratorio di Rochester, New York, Stati Uniti;
- l'Università di Oxford, in Gran Bretagna;
- l'Università di Tucson, Arizona, Stati Uniti;
- l'Istituto Federale di Tecnologia di Zurigo, Svizzera^[4].

Nel 1986 Carlos Chagas Filho, presidente della Accademia Pontificia delle Scienze incontra diversi laboratori per lo svolgimento dell'esame al carbonio 14; viene redatto un protocollo comune a sette laboratori (ai sei individuati si era aggiunto il laboratorio di Gif-sur-Yvette (Francia)^[4]. Il protocollo viene sottoposto sia al Papa che al cardinale di Torino^[4]. Le autorità ecclesiastiche di Torino respingono il protocollo^[5] e nel 1987 il cardinale Ballestrero informa i sette laboratori che su suggerimento del consulente scientifico (Luigi Gonnella professore del Politecnico di Torino) solo tre di essi saranno coinvolti nell'analisi. Il criterio di scelta sarà l'esperienza dei laboratori nella datazione dei reperti archeologici^[4].

fuga notizia e qui

^ Jumper, E.J., and Mottern, R.W. (1980). Scientific investigation of the Shroud of Turin. Appl. Opt 19, 1909–1912.
^ Jumper, E.J. - An Overview of the Testing Performed by the Shroud of Turin Research Project with a Summary of Results - IEEE 1982 Proceedings of the International Conference on Cybernetics and Society, October 1982, pp. 535-537.
^ Harbottle, G. - W. Heino - Carbon Dating the Shroud of Turin - A Test of Recent Improvements in the Technique - Archaeological Chemistry IV, Allen Ralph O. ed., Advances in Chemistry Series 220, American Chemical Society, Washington D.C, 1989, Chapter 16, pp. 313-320.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d http://www.shroud.com/history.htm
^ Relic, icon, or hoax?: carbon dating the Turin shroud Di Harry Edmund Gove, pag. 9

biblio

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Raymond Drakoff; Boynton Graham; J.P. Ziller, P. Purcel, M. Cul; Alfred G. Knudson jr.; K.J. Touryan; Barry Bunow, The Mystery of the Shroud (lettere), Science 201(4358), 774 (1978)
Robert William Mottern, J. Ronald London, Roger A. Morris, Radiographic Examination of the Shroud of Turin -- a Preliminary Report, Materials Evaluation 38(12), 39 (1979)
Roger A. Morris, L.A. Schwalbe, J. Ronald London, X-Ray Fluorescence Investigation of the Shroud of Turin, X-Ray Spectrometry 9(2), 40 (1980) - abstract
Eric J. Jumper, Robert William Mottern, Scientific investigation of the Shroud of Turin, Applied Optics 19(12), 1909 (1980)
Samuel F. Pellicori, Spectral properties of the Shroud of Turin, Applied Optics 19(12), 1913 (1980)
J.S. Accetta, J. Stephen Baumgart, Infrared reflectance spectroscopy and thermographic investigations of the Shroud of Turin, Applied Optics 19(12), 1921 (1980)
Roger Gilbert jr., Marion M. Gilbert, Ultraviolet Visibile Reflectance and Fluorescence Spectra of the Shroud of Turin, Applied Optics 19(12), 1930 (1980)
John H. Heller, Alan D. Adler, Blood on the Shroud of Turin, Applied Optics 19(16), 2742 (1980)
Samuel F. Pellicori, Mark S. Evans, The Shroud of Turin Through the Microscope, Archaeology 34, 35 (1981)
Samuel F. Pellicori, R.A. Chandos, Portable Unit Permits UV/vis Study of "Shroud", Industrial Research and Development, February, 186 (1981)
John H. Heller, Alan D. Adler, A chemical investigation of the Shroud of Turin, Canadian Society of Forensic Science Journal 14(3), 81 (1981)
Vernon D. Miller, Samuel F. Pellicori, Ultraviolet fluorescence photography of the Shroud of Turin, Journal of Biological Photography 49, 71 (1981)
L.A. Schwalbe, Raymond N. Rogers, Physics and Chemistry of the Shroud of Turin - A Summary of the 1978 Investigation, Analytica Chimica Acta 135(1), 3 (1982) - abstract
Eric J. Jumper, An Overview of the Testing Performed by the Shroud of Turin Research Project with a Summary of Results, IEEE 1982 Proceedings of the International Conference on Cybernetics and Society (1982), p. 535
Barrie M. Schwortz, Mapping of Research Test-Point Areas on the Shroud of Turin, IEEE 1982 Proceedings of the International Conference on Cybernetics and Society (1982), p. 538 - testo completo
D. Devan, Vernon D. Miller, Quantitative Photography of the Shroud of Turin, IEEE 1982 Proceedings of the International Conference on Cybernetics and Society (1982), p. 548
C. Avis, D. Lynn, J. Lorre, S. Lavoie, J. Clark, E. Armstrong, J. Addington, Image Processing of the Shroud of Turin, IEEE 1982 Proceedings of the International Conference on Cybernetics and Society (1982), p. 554
John P. Jackson, Eric J. Jumper, William R. Ercoline, Three Dimensional Characteristic of the Shroud Image, IEEE 1982 Proceedings of the International Conference on Cybernetics and Society (1982), p. 559
William R. Ercoline, R.C. Downs jr., John P. Jackson, Examination of the Turin Shroud for Image Distorions, IEEE 1982 Proceedings of the International Conference on Cybernetics and Society (1982), p. 576
John P. Jackson, Eric J. Jumper, William R. Ercoline, Correlation of image intensity on the Turin Shroud with the 3-D structure of a human body shape, Applied Optics 23(14), 2244 (1984)
Eric J. Jumper, Alan D. Adler, John P. Jackson, Samuel F. Pellicori, John H. Heller, J.R. Druzik, A Comprehensive Examination of the Various Stains and Images on the Shroud of Turin, Archaeological Chemistry III, ACS Advances in Chemistry 205, a cura di J.B. Lambert, American Chemical Society, Washington (1984), cap. 22, p. 447
Alan D. Whanger, Mary Whanger, Polarized image overlay technique: a new image comparison method and its applications, Applied Optics 24(6), 766 (1985)
Denis Dutton, Still shrouded in mistery (lettera), Nature 327, 10 (1987)
Michael S. Tite, Turin Shroud (lettera), Nature 327, 456 (1987)
Harry E. Gove, Turin Shroud (lettera), Nature 327, 652 (1987)
Harry E. Gove, Turin workshop on radiocarbon dating the Turin Shroud, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 29(1-2), 193 (1987) - abstract
Michael S. Tite, Turin Shroud (lettera), Nature 332, 482 (1988)
Harry E. Gove, Radiocarbon-dating the Shroud (lettera), Nature 333, 110 (1988)
T.J. Phillips, Shroud irradiated with neutrons? (lettera); risposta di R.E.M. Hedges, Nature 337, 594 (1989)
P.E. Damon, D.J. Donahue, B.H. Gore, A.L. Hatheway, A.J.T. Jull, T.W. Linick, P.J. Sercel, L.J. Toolin, C.R. Bronk, E.T. Hall, R.E.M. Hedges, R. Housley, I.A. Law, C. Perry, G. Bonani, S. Trumbore, W. Woelfli, J.C. Ambers, S.G.E. Bowman, M.N. Leese, M.S. Tite, Radiocarbon dating of the Shroud of Turin, Nature 337, 611 (1989) - abstract e note, testo completo
Harry E. Gove, Progress in radiocarbon dating the Shroud of Turin, Radiocarbon 31(3), 965 (1989) - testo completo
R.H. Dinegar, L.A. Schwalbe, Isotope Measurements and Provenance Studies of the Turin Shroud, Archaeological Chemistry IV, ACS Advances in Chemistry 220, a cura di R.O. Allen, American Chemical Society, Washington (1989), cap. 23
Harry E. Gove, Dating the Turin Shroud--an Assessment, Radiocarbon 32(1), 87 (1990) - testo completo
Robert Halisey, More on the Shroud (lettera); risposta di Michael S. Tite, Nature 346, 100 (1990)
O. Pourrat, Shroud dating still questioned (lettera), Nature 349, 558 (1991)
Niccolo Caldararo, Letter to the Editor (lettera), Radiocarbon 35(2), 345 (1993) - testo completo
Emily A. Craig, Randall R. Bresee, Image Formation and the Shroud of Turin, Journal of Imaging Science and Technology 34(1), 59 (1994) - testo completo
J. Andrés Christen, Summarizing a Set of Radiocarbon Determinations: a Robust Approach, Applied Statistics 43(3), 489 (1994)
Allan A. Mills, Image formation on the Shroud of Turin: the reactive oxygen intermediates, Interdisciplinary Science Reviews 20(4), 319 (1995)
Alan D. Adler, Updating Recent Studies on the Shroud of Turin, Archaeological Chemistry: Organic, Inorganic and Biochemical Analysis, ACS Symposium Series 625, a cura di M.V. Orna, Americal Chemical Society, Washington (1996), cap. 17, p. 223
Harry E. Gove, S.J. Mattingly, A.R. David, L.A. Garza-Valdes, A problematic source of organic contamination of linen, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B 123(1-4), 504 (1997) - abstract, testo completo
Serge N. Mouraviev, Image formation mechanism on the Shroud of Turin: a solar reflex radiation model (the optical aspect), Applied Optics 36(34), 8796 (1997)
Austin Long, Attempt to affect the apparent 14C age of cotton by scorching in a CO2 environment, Radiocarbon 40(1), 57 (1998) - testo completo
R.E.M. Hedges, Christopher Bronk Ramsey, G.J. van Klinken, An experiment to refute the likelihood of cellulose carboxilation, Radiocarbon 40(1), 59 (1998) - testo completo
A. Marion, Discovery of inscriptions on the shroud of Turin by digital image processing, Optical Engineering 37 (8), 2308 (1998) - abstract
Giulio Fanti, M. Moroni, Comparison of Luminance Between Face of Turin Shroud Man and Experimental Results, Journal of Imaging Science and Technology 46(2), 142 (2002) - abstract
Giulio Fanti, R. Maggiolo, The double superficiality of the frontal image of the Turin Shroud, Journal of Optics A 6, 491 (2004) - abstract, testo completo
Raymond N. Rogers, Studies on the radiocarbon sample from the shroud of turin, Thermochimica Acta 425(1-2), 189 (2005) - abstract, testo completo
Jonathan Allday, The Turin Shroud, Physics Education 40, 67 (2005) - abstract
P. Loyson, N.M. Vorster, E. Ferg, N. Allen, Image formation on the Shroud of Turin: a proposed chemical model, South African Journal of Science 101, 36 (2005) - abstract (n. 24)
Giuseppe Baldacchini, Paolo Di Lazzaro, Daniele Murra, Giulio Fanti, Coloring linens with excimer lasers to simulate the body image of the Turin Shroud, Applied Optics 47(9), 1278 (2008)
M. Sue Benford, Joseph G. Marino, Role of calcium carbonate in fibre discoloration on the Shroud of Turin, Chemistry Today 26(2), 74 (2008)
M. Sue Benford, Joseph G. Marino, Discrepancies in the radiocarbon dating area of the Turin shroud, Chemistry Today 26(4), 4 (2008)
Giulio Fanti, Can a Corona Discharge Explain the Body Image of the Turin Shroud?, Journal of Imaging Science and Technology 54(2), 020508 (2010) - abstract

pro

Raymond N. Rogers, Studies on the radiocarbon sample from the shroud of turin, Thermochimica Acta 425(1-2), 189 (2005) - abstract, testo completo he radiocarbon date was thus not valid for determining the true age of the shroud. . Impact factor 2009 1.6 La risposta. Cenni cicap

[1] Jumper, E.J., and Mottern, R.W. (1980). Scientific investigation of the Shroud of Turin. Appl. Opt 19, 1909–1912.

[2] Jumper, E.J. - An Overview of the Testing Performed by the Shroud of Turin Research Project with a Summary of Results - IEEE 1982 Proceedings of the International Conference on Cybernetics and Society, October 1982, pp. 535-537.

[3] Harbottle, G. - W. Heino - Carbon Dating the Shroud of Turin - A Test of Recent Improvements in the Technique - Archaeological Chemistry IV, Allen Ralph O. ed., Advances in Chemistry Series 220, American Chemical Society, Washington D.C, 1989, Chapter 16, pp. 313-320.

[history-4] ttp://www.shroud.com/history.htm

[5] Relic, icon, or hoax?: carbon dating the Turin shroud Di Harry Edmund Gove, pag. 9

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

Utente:Ignisdelavega/PC

Preparazione dell'esame

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