Discussione:Esperienza di Eötvös

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Nella voce era presente un testo in inglese che non è presente nella voce corrispondente inglese, e che, IMO, non è da inserire in questa voce, ma in un altra; ho inserito una parte in ad esempio parte in principio di equivalenza, ricopio il resto qui sotto. --Omino di carta (msg) 20:48, 7 feb 2009 (CET)

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Loaded Eötvös balance rotor hanging (top) from a tungsten filament 1/4 the diameter of a human hair. All surfaces are gold plated to dissipate static electricity.

Eötvös experiments are rational inquiries. Noether's theorem: For each continuous symmetry in physics there must be a conserved observable, and vice-versa. A list of symmetries (easy) is then a list of fundamental properties (otherwise difficult to identify) to be tested.

Internal symmetries' observables transform fields amongst themselves leaving physical states (translation, rotation) invariant. Internal symmetries' observables are default null results in any Eötvös experiment.

Parity is unique for being absolutely discontinuous, a mirror reflection along each axis. Parity is not a Noetherian symmetry. Covariance with respect to reflection in space and time is not required by the Poincaré group of Special Relativity or the Einstein group of General Relativity. Parity Eötvös experiment net output may be observed without contradicting orthodox theory or prior observations in any venue at any scale.

Class	Invariance	Conserved quantity
Proper orthochronous Lorentz symmetry	translation in time   (homogeneity)	energy
	translation in space   (homogeneity)	linear momentum
	rotation in space   (isotropy)	angular momentum
Discrete symmetry	P, coordinates' inversion	spatial parity
	C, charge conjugation	charge parity
	T, time reversal	time parity
	CPT	product of parities
Internal symmetry (independent of spacetime coordinates)	U(1) gauge transformation	electric charge
	U(1) gauge transformation	lepton generation number
	U(1) gauge transformation	hypercharge
	U(1)Y gauge transformation	weak hypercharge
	U(2) [U(1)xSU(2)]	electroweak force
	SU(2) gauge transformation	isospin
	SU(2)L gauge transformation	weak isospin
	PxSU(2)	G-parity
	SU(3) "winding number"	baryon number
	SU(3) gauge transformation	quark color
	SU(3) (approximate)	quark flavor
	S((U2)xU(3)) [U(1)xSU(2)xSU(3)]	Standard Model

Beryllium-magnesium and beryllium-titanium test mass contrasts respectively give 0.1919% and 0.2398% difference/average nuclear binding energies. Beryllium-magnesium gives 0.2397% difference/average baryon number divergence. These are among the largest net active mass composition Eötvös experiments possible. 420+ years of Equivalence Principle tests have given zero net output within experimental error. The largest possible amplitude Eötvös experiment is a parity Eötvös experiment - challenging spacetime geometry with test mass geometry.

Test Masses' Divergent Property	Fraction of Rest Mass
rest mass	100%
crystal lattice geometric parity	99.9726%a alpha-Quartz 99.9771%a Cinnabar
nuclear binding energy (low Z)	00.76% (4He)
neutron versus proton mass	00.14%
electrostatic nuclear repulsion	00.06%
electron mass	00.03%
unpaired spin mass	00.005% (55Mnb)
nuclear antiparticle exchange	00.00001%
Weak Force interactions	00.0000001%
Gravitational binding energy, Nordtvedt effect and lunar laser ranging	00.000000046% Earthc 00.0000000019% Moon

^a(nuclear mass)/(atomic mass), corrected for isotopic abundance
^bglobally aligned undecatiplet
^ciron core rather than homogeneous body

Chemically identical, opposite parity mass distributions have never been tested in an Eötvös experiment. Do metaphoric left and right shoes vacuum free fall along identical trajectories? A parity Eötvös experiment opposes crystallographic opposite parity space groups P3₁21 (right-handed screw axes) and P2₂21 (left-handed screw axes) cultured alpha-quartz (average atomic weight = 20.03) or cinnabar (average atomic weight = 116.33) solid single crystal spheres or other solid convex shapes with all identical moments of inertia (no directional bias).

General relativity (postulated) and string theory (BRST invariance demanded) require parity Eötvös experiment zero net output. Affine (Einstein-Cartan theory), teleparallelism (Weitzenböck), and noncommutative (Connes) gravitation theories predict measurable parity Eötvös experiment output. If the vacuum is reproducibly demonstrated to contain a chiral anisotropic background then angular momentum need not be conserved for opposite parity mass distributions (Noether's theorem). Lorentz invariance would be broken.

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Saluti.—InternetArchiveBot (Segnala un errore) 22:52, 30 nov 2017 (CET)