Evento di Heinrich: differenze tra le versioni

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==Note==
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==Bibliografia==
{{Refbegin|colwidth=45em}}
* {{cite journal
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|author2=MacAyeal, D.R.
| year = 1994
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| accessdate = 2007-05-07
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|accessdate = 2007-05-29
|doi = 10.1006/qres.1997.1883
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|archivedate = November 29, 2007
|bibcode = 1997QuRes..47..155B
|url-status = dead
}}
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| year = 2013
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| journal = Clim. Past
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* {{cite journal
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| date = 1995-02-17
| title = Iceberg Discharges into the North Atlantic on Millennial Time Scales During the Last Glaciation
| journal = Science
| volume = 267
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| pmid = 17811441
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*{{Cite book|title=Mechanisms of Global Climate Change at Millennial Time Scales|last=Bond|first=Gerard C.|last2=Showers|first2=William|last3=Elliot|first3=Mary|last4=Evans|first4=Michael|last5=Lotti|first5=Rusty|last6=Hajdas|first6=Irka|last7=Bonani|first7=Georges|last8=Johnson|first8=Sigfus|date=1999-01-01|publisher=American Geophysical Union|isbn=9781118664742|editor-last=Clark|editor-first=Peter U.|pages=35–58|language=en|doi=10.1029/gm112p0035|editor-last2=Webb|editor-first2=Robert S.|editor-last3=Keigwin|editor-first3=Lloyd D.}}
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* {{cite journal
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* Hunt, A.G. and P.E. Malin. 1998. ''The possible triggering of Heinrich Events by iceload-induced earthquakes.'' Nature 393: 155–158
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* {{cite journal
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* {{cite journal
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* {{cite journal
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* {{cite journal
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{{Refend}}



{{Portale|Meteorologia|geografia|scienze della Terra}}
{{Portale|Meteorologia|geografia|scienze della Terra}}

Versione delle 09:49, 9 mar 2020

Un evento di Heinrich è un fenomeno naturale collegato al distacco di grandi gruppi di iceberg che vanno poi ad attraversare la sezione nord dell'Oceano Atlantico. Questi distacchi hanno avuto luogo durante cinque delle ultime glaciazioni del Quaternario, nel corso degli ultimi 640.000 anni.[1]

Questi evento sono stati descritti per la prima volta dal geologo marino tedesco Hartmut Heinrich.[2]

Gli eventi di Heinrich sono particolarmente ben documentati per l'ultimo periodo glaciale del Pleistocene superiore, tra 119.000 e 12.000 anni fa,[3] ma risultano assenti nel penultimo periodo glaciale.[4]

Gli iceberg contenevano massi rocciosi erosi dall'avanzamento dei ghiacciai; in seguito alla fusione del ghiaccio, questo materiale è andato a posarsi come sedimento sul fondale marino sotto forma di detriti (in lingua inglese identificati come IRD, acronimo di Ice rafted debris, cioè detriti trasportati da zattere di ghiaccio).

La fusione degli iceberg ha comportato l'apporto di un ingente quantitativo di acqua dolce che si è riversata nell'Oceano Atlantico. Questi riversamenti di acqua fredda e dolce hanno alterato lo schema della circolazione termoalina, che dipende dalla densità dell'acqua, e hanno spesso coinciso con le fluttuazioni globali del clima, come il raffreddamento climatico dell'emisfero boreale e la migrazione verso sud della zona di convergenza intertropicale.

Sono stati proposti vari meccanismi per spiegare la cause degli eventi di Heinrich, molti dei quali implicano l'instabilità del ghiacciaio Laurentide, il massiccio ghiacciaio continentale che copriva il Nord America nel corso dell'ultimo periodo glaciale. Possono essere stati coinvolti anche altri ghiacciai continentali dell'emisfero boreale, come la calotta glaciale fennoscandiana della glaciazione weichseliana e la calotta glaciale della Groenlandia/Islanda. La causa iniziale di questa instabilità è tuttora dibattuta.

Note

  1. ^ Hodell, et al., 2008
  2. ^ H. Heinrich, Origin and consequences of cyclic ice rafting in the northeast Atlantic Ocean during the past 130,000 years, in Quaternary Research, vol. 29, n. 2, March 1988, pp. 142–152, DOI:10.1016/0033-5894(88)90057-9.
  3. ^ Rasmussen, S.O. e Bigler, M., Blockley, S., Blunier, T., Buchardt, S. L., Clausen, H. B., Cvijanovic, I., Dahl-Jensen, D., Johnsen, S. J., Fischer, H., Gkinis, V., Guillevic, M., Hoek, W., Lowe, J. J., Pedro, J., Popp, T., Seierstad, I. E., Steffensen, J., Svensson, A. M., Vallelonga, P., Vinther, B. M., Walker, M. J., Wheatley, J. et Winstrup, M., A stratigraphic framework for abrupt climatic changes during the Last Glacial period based on three synchronized Greenland ice-core records: refining and extending the INTIMATE event stratigraphy, Quaternary Science Reviews, vol. 106,‎ 2014, p. 14-28 (DOI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.09.007).
  4. ^ Obrochta et al., 2014

Bibliografia


  Portale Geografia
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