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Transcranial magnetic stimulation is a noninvasive means of getting electrical energy across the insulating tissues of the head and into the brain. A powerful and rapidly changing electrical current is passed through a coil of wire applied near the head. The magnetic field, oriented perpendicular to the plane of the coil passes virtually unimpeded through the scalp and skull. In the brain, the magnetic field produces currents in the induced electrical field lying parallel to the plane of the coil. These currents are able to excite neural processes lying in the plane of the induced field in a manner roughly analogous to direct cortical stimulation with electrodes. TMS can be a physiological probe of cortical cortical function for clinical and basic neurophysiology. It has been used to alter the responsiveness of human brain circuits and may have therapeutic applications.

DC brain polarization is a decades old technique for modulating the activity of neural tissues. These effects are highly selective for the polarity and the orientation of neurons in the field. The older literature contains instances of its ability to produce overt changes in behavior and newer studies show that quantifiable alterations in human cortical responses can be produced safely. Investigators use DC fields to try to modulate and improve human cognitive performance.
Data
Fonte Wassermann, Eric. Transcranial Brain Stimulation. Behavioral Neurology Unit. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, United States Department of Health and Human Services. Archived from the original on 2013-10-29. Retrieved on 2013-10-29.
Autore Eric Wassermann, M.D.
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Public domain This image is a work of the National Institutes of Health, part of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, taken or made as part of an employee's official duties. As a work of the U.S. federal government, the image is in the public domain.
Please ensure that this image was actually created by the US Federal government. The NIH frequently uses commercial images which are not public domain.
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