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Han Suyin (cinese semplificato 韩素音; cinese tradizionale 韓素音; pinyin Hán Sùyīn) (12 settembre 1917) è lo pseudonimo di Elizabeth Comber, nata come Rosalie Elisabeth Kuanghu Chow (cinese 周光湖; pinyin Zhōu Guānghú}}). Ella è un'eurasiatica cinese autrice di molti libri sulla Cina moderna, di romanzi ambientati in Asia orientale, e opere autobiografiche, nonchè medico. Attualmente resiede a Losanna e ha scritto in inglese and francese.

Biografia

Han Suyin 韩素音, nacque nello Xinyang, Henan, Cina. Suo padre era un ingegnere cinese con educazione belga, Chow Yen Tung ((ZH) ; pinyin: Zhōu Yintong), of Hakka heritage, while her mother was Flemish. In 1938 Han Suyin married Pao H. Tang (Tang Paohuang), a Chinese Nationalist military officer, who was to become a general. They had one adopted daughter (Yungmei).

She began work as a typist at Beijing Hospital in 1931, not yet fifteen years old. In 1933 she was admitted to Yenching University where she felt she was discriminated against as a Eurasian. In 1935 she went to Brussels to study science. In 1938 she returned to China, working in an American Christian mission hospital in Chengdu, Sichuan. She described her wartime experiences in her memoir, Destination Chungking.

She went again to London in 1944 to study medicine at the Royal Free Hospital. Her autobiographical novel Winter Love set during this period of her life, concerns her own acceptance of her biraciality and bisexuality. She graduated MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine & Surgery) with Honours in 1948 and went to Hong Kong to practice medicine in 1949 at the Queen Mary Hospital. Her husband, Tang, meanwhile, had died in action during the Chinese Civil War in 1947. In Hong Kong, she met and fell in love with Ian Morrison, an Australian war correspondent and a married man based in Singapore, who was killed in Korea in 1950. She portrayed their relationship in A Many-Splendoured Thing and the factual basis of their relationship is documented in My House Has Two Doors.

In 1952, she married Leon F. Comber, a British officer in the Malayan Special Branch, and went with him to Johore, Malaya (present-day Malaysia), where she worked in the Johore Bahru General Hospital and opened a clinic in Johore Bharu and Upper Pickering Street, Singapore. (Comber resigned from the British Colonial Police Service as an acting Assistant Commissioner of Police [Special Branch] mainly because of the perceived anti-British bias of her novel And the Rain My Drink. In 2006, Dr. Comber was a Research Fellow at Monash Asia Institute, Monash University, Melbourne.)

In 1955, Han Suyin contributed efforts to the establishment of Nanyang University in Singapore. Specifically, she offered her services and served as physician to the institution, after having refused an offer to teach literature. Chinese writer Lin Yutang, first president of the university, had recruited her for the latter field, but she declined, indicating her desire "to make a new Asian literature, not teach Dickens", according to the Warring States Project at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. Also in 1955, her best-known work, A Many-Splendoured Thing, was made into a Hollywood film. In her autobiographical work My House Has Two Doors, she distanced herself from the film, saying that although the film was shown for many weeks at the Cathay Cinema in Singapore to packed audiences, she never went to see it, and that the film rights were sold to pay for an operation on her adopted daughter who was suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis. Much later, the movie itself was made into a daytime soap opera.

After Comber and Han Suyin's divorce, she married Vincent Ratnaswamy, an Indian colonel (died January 2003 in Bangalore, India), and lived for a time in Bangalore, India. Later, Han Suyin and Vincent Ratnaswamy resided in Hong Kong and Switzerland. Although separated, they remained married until Ratnaswamy's death. Since 1956, Han Suyin visited China almost annually becoming one of the first foreign nationals to visit post-1949 revolution China, including through the years of the Cultural Revolution. In 1974 she was the featured speaker at the founding national convention of the US China Peoples Friendship Association in Los Angeles.

Works

Cultural and political conflicts between East and West in modern history play a central role in Han Suyin's work. She also explores the struggle for liberation in Southeast Asia and the internal and foreign policies of modern China since the end of the imperial regime. Many of her writings feature the colonial backdrop in East Asia during the 19th and 20th centuries.

Her novel A Many-Splendoured Thing, the story of a married British foreign correspondent Mark Elliot who falls in love with a Eurasian doctor, was made into a film called Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing. This also inspired a popular song.

Influences

Han Suyin has funded the Chinese Writers Association to create the "National Rainbow Award for Best Literary Translation" (which is now the Lu Xun Literary Award for Best Literary Translation) to help develop literature translation in China. “Han Suyin Award for Young Translators” sponsored by the China International Publishing Group was also set up by Han Suyin. So far it has given out awards 21 times(in 2009).

Han has also been influential in Asian American literature, as her books were published in English and contained depictions of Asians that were radically different from the portrayals found in both Anglo-American and Asian-American authors. Frank Chin, in his essay "Come All Ye Asian American Writers of the Real and the Fake", credits Han with being one of the few Chinese American writers (his term) who does not portray Chinese men as "emasculated and sexually repellent" and for being one of the few who "[wrote] knowledgeably and authentically of Chinese fairy tales, heroic tradition, and history".

Novels

• Destination Chungking (1942)
• A Many-Splendoured Thing (1952)
• And the Rain My Drink (1956)
• The Mountain Is Young (1958)
• Winter Love (1962)
• Cast But One Shadow (1962)
• Four Faces (1963)
• L'abbé Pierre (1965, French only)
• L'abbé Prévost (1975, French only)
• Till Morning Comes (1982)
• The Enchantress (1985)

Autobiographical works

• The Crippled Tree (1965)
• A Mortal Flower (1966)
• Birdless Summer (1968)
• My House Has Two Doors (1980)
• Phoenix Harvest (1982). (This is Volume II of the hardback edition of My House Has Two Doors, published separately in paperback.)
• Wind In My Sleeve (1992)
• A Share of Loving (1988)
• Fleur de soleil, histoire de ma vie (1988, French only: Flower of sun: the story of my life)

Historical studies

• China in the Year 2001 (1967)
• Asia Today: Two Outlooks (1969)
• The Morning Deluge: Mao Tsetong and the Chinese Revolution 1893-1954 (1972)
• Lhasa, the Open City (1976)
• Wind in the Tower: Mao Tsetong and the Chinese Revolution, 1949-1965 (1976)
• China 1890-1938: From the Warlords to World War (1989; historical photo-reportage)
• Eldest Son: Zhou Enlai and the Making of Modern China (1994)

References

• John Jae-nam Han, "Han Suyin," in Huang, ed. Asian-American Autobiographers: A Bio-bibliographical Critical Sourcebook (Greenwood Press 2001): 103- 109. [2]
• Sculpture of Han Suyin Unveiled Dong Chun [3]
• Gerald Marcus Glaskin, A Many-Splendoured Woman: A Memoir of Han Suyin.(Graham Brash, Singapore. 1995. ISBN 981-218-045-I)

External links

• Women writers of Colour: Han Suyin
• Han Suyin Research, by Ding Jiandong
• Han Suyin, Elizabeth Comber, Gregory Melle's Personal Opinion and Author Bio
• Bibliography
• Han Suyin at Everything2.com
• Traveller's Tales: Han Suyin, a doctor in JB. Peggy Loh. Travel Times. Malaysia. 2005. Last accessed 8 March 2006.