Yadav

Un gruppo di Aheeri, i maggiori costituenti del gruppo Yada intorno a Delhi nel 1868

Yādav è un termine per riferirsi ad un gruppo di comunità agricola-guerriero-pastorale^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4], o caste, in India che sin dal XIX secolo dichiarano la loro discendenza dal re mitico Yadu, come parte di un movimento di risorgimento politico e sociale.

Il termine Yādav ora copre diverse caste pastorali tradizionali come gli Ahiri della cintura Indù (un'area linguistica dell'India centro-settentrionale), i Gavli di Maharashtra^[5], i Goala di Andhra Pradesh e i Konar di Tamil Nadu. Nell'area della Cinturà Indù "Ahir", "Gwala", e "Yadav" sono sinonimi^[1]^[6].

In molti stati indiani gli Yadava sono considerati nella categoria "Other Backward Class", termine del governo indiano per indicare chi appartiene a classi sociali svantaggiate.

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^ ^a ^b Susan Bayly, Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, 2001, p. 383, ISBN 978-0-521-79842-6. URL consultato il 7 ottobre 2011. Quote: Ahir: Caste title of North Indian non-elite 'peasant'-pastoralists, known also as Yadav."
^ Susan Bayly, Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, 2001, p. 200, ISBN 978-0-521-79842-6. URL consultato il 7 ottobre 2011. Quote: "In southernAwadh, eastern North-Western Provinces, and much of Bihar, non-labouring gentry groups lived in tightly knit enclaves among much larger populations of non-elite 'peasants' and labouring people. These other grouping included 'untouchable' Chamars and newly recruited 'tribal' labourers, as well as non-elite tilling and cattle-keeping people who came to be known by such titles as Kurmi, Koeri and Goala/Ahir."
^ Edward Luce, In Spite of the Gods: The Rise of Modern India, Random House Digital, Inc., 2008, p. 133, ISBN 978-1-4000-7977-3. URL consultato il 9 ottobre 2011. Quote: "The Yadavs are one of India's largest 'Other Backward Classes,' a government term that covers most of India's Sudra castes. Yadavs are the traditional cowherd caste of North India and are relatively low down on the traditional pecking order, but not as low as the untouchable Mahars or Chamars."
^ Lucia Michelutti, 'We (Yadavs) are a caste of politicians': Caste and modern politics in a north Indian town, in Contributions to Indian Sociology, vol. 38, n. 1-2, 2004, pp. 43–71, DOI:10.1177/006996670403800103. Quote: "The Yadavs were traditionally a low-to-middle-ranking cluster of pastoral-peasant castes that have become a significant political force in Uttar Pradesh (and other northern states like Bihar) in the last thirty years."
^ Christophe Jaffrelot, India's silent revolution: the rise of the lower castes in North India, London, C. Hurst & Co., 2003, p. 187, ISBN 978-1-85065-670-8. URL consultato il 16 agosto 2011.
^ Leon Swartzberg, The north Indian peasant goes to market, Delhi, Motilal Banarsidass, 1979, p. 11. URL consultato il 7 ottobre 2011. Quote: "As far back as is known, the Yadava were called Gowalla (or one of its variants, Goalla, Goyalla, Gopa, Goala), a name derived from Hindi gai or go, which means "cow" and walla which is roughly translated as 'he who does'."

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[Bayly2001-p383-1] Susan Bayly, Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, 2001, p. 383, ISBN 978-0-521-79842-6. URL consultato il 7 ottobre 2011. Quote: Ahir: Caste title of North Indian non-elite 'peasant'-pastoralists, known also as Yadav."

[Bayly2001-p200-2] Susan Bayly, Caste, Society and Politics in India from the Eighteenth Century to the Modern Age, Cambridge University Press, 2001, p. 200, ISBN 978-0-521-79842-6. URL consultato il 7 ottobre 2011. Quote: "In southernAwadh, eastern North-Western Provinces, and much of Bihar, non-labouring gentry groups lived in tightly knit enclaves among much larger populations of non-elite 'peasants' and labouring people. These other grouping included 'untouchable' Chamars and newly recruited 'tribal' labourers, as well as non-elite tilling and cattle-keeping people who came to be known by such titles as Kurmi, Koeri and Goala/Ahir."

[Luce2008-3] Edward Luce, In Spite of the Gods: The Rise of Modern India, Random House Digital, Inc., 2008, p. 133, ISBN 978-1-4000-7977-3. URL consultato il 9 ottobre 2011. Quote: "The Yadavs are one of India's largest 'Other Backward Classes,' a government term that covers most of India's Sudra castes. Yadavs are the traditional cowherd caste of North India and are relatively low down on the traditional pecking order, but not as low as the untouchable Mahars or Chamars."

[michelutti-2004-4] Lucia Michelutti, 'We (Yadavs) are a caste of politicians': Caste and modern politics in a north Indian town, in Contributions to Indian Sociology, vol. 38, n. 1-2, 2004, pp. 43–71, DOI:10.1177/006996670403800103. Quote: "The Yadavs were traditionally a low-to-middle-ranking cluster of pastoral-peasant castes that have become a significant political force in Uttar Pradesh (and other northern states like Bihar) in the last thirty years."

[Jaffrelot2003p187-5] Christophe Jaffrelot, India's silent revolution: the rise of the lower castes in North India, London, C. Hurst & Co., 2003, p. 187, ISBN 978-1-85065-670-8. URL consultato il 16 agosto 2011.

[Swartzberg1979-6] Leon Swartzberg, The north Indian peasant goes to market, Delhi, Motilal Banarsidass, 1979, p. 11. URL consultato il 7 ottobre 2011. Quote: "As far back as is known, the Yadava were called Gowalla (or one of its variants, Goalla, Goyalla, Gopa, Goala), a name derived from Hindi gai or go, which means "cow" and walla which is roughly translated as 'he who does'."

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Yadav

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