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Avram Hershko (in ebraico: אברהם הרשקו; Karcag, 31 dicembre 1937) è un biochimico e biologo ungherese naturalizzato israeliano.
Emigrò in Israele nel 1950. Ricevette il dottorato in medicina nel 1965 e il suo Ph.D. nel 1969 dalla Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, a Gerusalemme. Attualmente è un Professore Emerito alla facoltà di medicina al Technion di Haifa.
Nel 2000 ha ricevuto l'Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research. Insieme ad Aaron Ciechanover e Irwin Rose, gli è stato conferito il Premio Nobel per la chimica 2004 per la scoperta della degradazione delle proteine ubiquitina-dipendente[1]. Il ciclo del proteasoma ubiquitina gioca un ruolo chiave nel mantenimento dell'omeostasi delle cellule e si pensa sia coinvolto nello sviluppo e nell'avanzamento di malattie come: tumori, malattie muscolari e neurologiche, risposte immunitarie ed infiammatorie.
Onorificenze e Premi[modifica]
- 1987 - Weizmann Prize for Sciences (Israele)
- 1994 - Premio Israele in Biochimica
- 1999 - Gairdner International Award Canada (insieme a A. Varshavsky)
- 2000 - Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research (insieme a A. Ciechanover e A. Varshavsky).
- 2001 - Premio Louisa Gross Horwitz dalla Columbia University
- 2001 - Premio Wolf in Medicina, Gerusalemme
- 2003 - Foreign Associate, National Academy of Sciences, USA
- 2004 - Premio Nobel per la chimica
- (EN) Avram Hershko, Aaron Ciechanover, Hanna Heller, Arthur L. Haas e Irwin A. Rose (1980). Proposed role of ATP in protein breakdown: Conjugation of proteins with multiple chains of the polypeptide of ATP-dependent proteolysis. PNAS 77 (4): 1783-1786.
- (EN) Avram Hershko, Hanna Heller, Sara Elias e Aaron Ciechanover (1983). Components of ubiquitin-protein ligase system: resolution, affinity purification and role in protein breakdown. Journal of Biological Chemistry 258: 8206-8214.
- (EN) A. Hershko, E. Leshinsky, D. Ganoth e H. Heller (1984). ATP-dependent degradation of ubiquitin-protein conjugates. PNAS 81 (6): 1619-1623.
- (EN) A. Hershko, H. Heller, E. Eytan e Y. Reiss (1986). The protein substrate binding site of the ubiquitin-protein ligase system. Journal of Biological Chemistry 261: 11992-11999.
- (EN) D. Ganoth, E. Leshinsky, E. Eytan e A. Hershko (1988). A multicomponent system that degrades proteins conjugated to ubiquitin. Resolution of components and evidence for ATP-dependent complex formation. Journal of Biological Chemistry 263: 12412-12419.
- (EN) V. Sudakin, H. Heller, A. Hershko et al. (1995). The cyclosome, a large complex containing cyclin-selective ubiquitin ligase activity, targets cyclins for destruction at the end of mitosis. Molecular Biology of the Cell 6 (2): 185-198.
- ^ (EN) Premi Nobel per la chimica nel 2004
Collegamenti esterni[modifica]
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Vincitori del Premio Nobel per la chimica |
| Vincitori per paese • in ordine alfabetico • in ordine cronologico |
| 1901 - 1925 |
Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff (1901) • Emil Fischer (1902) • Svante Arrhenius (1903) • William Ramsay (1904) • Adolf von Baeyer (1905) • Henri Moissan (1906) • Eduard Buchner (1907) • Ernest Rutherford (1908) • Wilhelm Ostwald (1909) • Otto Wallach (1910) • Marie Curie (1911) • Victor Grignard, Paul Sabatier (1912) • Alfred Werner (1913) • Theodore Richards (1914) • Richard Willstätter (1915) • Fritz Haber (1918) • Walther Nernst (1920) • Frederick Soddy (1921) • Francis Aston (1922) • Fritz Pregl (1923) • Richard Zsigmondy (1925) |
| 1926 - 1950 |
Theodor Svedberg (1926) • Heinrich Wieland (1927) • Adolf Windaus (1928) • Arthur Harden, Hans von Euler-Chelpin (1929) • Hans Fischer (1930) • Carl Bosch, Friedrich Bergius (1931) • Irving Langmuir (1932) • Harold Urey (1934) • Frédéric Joliot-Curie, Irène Joliot-Curie (1935) • Peter Debye (1936) • Walter Haworth, Paul Karrer (1937) • Richard Kuhn (1938) • Adolf Butenandt, Lavoslav Ružička (1939) • George de Hevesy (1943) • Otto Hahn (1944) • Artturi Virtanen (1945) • James B. Sumner, John Northrop, Wendell Meredith Stanley (1946) • Robert Robinson (1947) • Arne Tiselius (1948) • William Giauque (1949) • Otto Diels, Kurt Alder (1950) |
| 1951 - 1975 |
Edwin McMillan, Glenn T. Seaborg (1951) • Archer Martin, Richard Synge (1952) • Hermann Staudinger (1953) • Linus Pauling (1954) • Vincent du Vigneaud (1955) • Cyril Hinshelwood, Nikolaj Semënov (1956) • Alexander Todd (1957) • Frederick Sanger (1958) • Jaroslav Heyrovský (1959) • Willard Libby (1960) • Melvin Calvin (1961) • Max Perutz, John Kendrew (1962) • Karl Ziegler, Giulio Natta (1963) • Dorothy Hodgkin (1964) • Robert Woodward (1965) • Robert Mulliken (1966) • Manfred Eigen, Ronald Norrish, George Porter (1967) • Lars Onsager (1968) • Derek Barton, Odd Hassel (1969) • Luis Federico Leloir (1970) • Gerhard Herzberg (1971) • Christian Anfinsen, Stanford Moore, William Stein (1972) • E. O. Fischer, Geoffrey Wilkinson (1973) • Paul Flory (1974) • John Cornforth, Vladimir Prelog (1975) |
| 1976 - 2000 |
William Lipscomb (1976) • Il'ja Prigožin (1977) • Peter Mitchell (1978) • Herbert Brown, Georg Wittig (1979) • Paul Berg, Walter Gilbert, Frederick Sanger (1980) • Kenichi Fukui, Roald Hoffmann (1981) • Aaron Klug (1982) • Henry Taube (1983) • Robert Merrifield (1984) • Herbert Hauptman, Jerome Karle (1985) • Dudley Herschbach, Yuan T. Lee, John Polanyi (1986) • Donald J. Cram, Jean-Marie Lehn, Charles J. Pedersen (1987) • Johann Deisenhofer, Robert Huber, Hartmut Michel (1988) • Sidney Altman, Thomas Cech (1989) • Elias Corey (1990) • Richard R. Ernst (1991) • Rudolph Marcus (1992) • Kary Mullis, Michael Smith (1993) • George Olah (1994) • Paul Crutzen, Mario Molina, Frank Rowland (1995) • Robert Curl, Harold Kroto, Richard Smalley (1996) • Paul Boyer, John Ernest Walker, Jens Skou (1997) • Walter Kohn, John Pople (1998) • Ahmed Zewail (1999) • Alan Jay Heeger, Alan MacDiarmid, Hideki Shirakawa (2000) |
| 2001 - oggi |
William Knowles, Ryoji Noyori, Barry Sharpless (2001) • John B. Fenn, Kōichi Tanaka, Kurt Wüthrich (2002) • Peter Agre, Roderick MacKinnon (2003) • Aaron Ciechanover, Avram Hershko, Irwin Rose (2004) • Robert Grubbs, Richard Schrock, Yves Chauvin (2005) • Roger D. Kornberg (2006) • Gerhard Ertl (2007) • Osamu Shimomura, Martin Chalfie, Roger Tsien (2008) • Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, Thomas Steitz, Ada Yonath (2009) • Richard Heck, Ei-ichi Negishi, Akira Suzuki (2010) • Dan Shechtman (2011) • Brian Kobilka, Robert Lefkowitz (2012) |
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Vincitori del Premio Louisa Gross Horwitz (Columbia University) |
| Luis Leloir (1967) · Har Gobind Khorana, Marshall Warren Nirenberg (1968) · Max Delbrück, Salvador E. Luria (1969) · Albert Claude, George E. Palade, Keith R. Porter (1970) · Hugh E. Huxley (1971) · Stephen W. Kuffler (1972) · Renato Dulbecco, Harry Eagle, Theodore T. Puck (1973) · Boris Ephrussi (1974) · Sune Bergström, Bengt Samuelsson (1975) · Seymour Benzer, Charles Yanofsky (1976) · Michael Heidelberger, Elvin A. Kabat, Henry G. Kunkel (1977) · David Hubel, Vernon Mountcastle, Torsten Wiesel (1978) · Walter Gilbert, Frederick Sanger (1979) · Cesar Milstein (1980) · Aaron Klug (1981) · Barbara McClintock, Susumu Tonegawa (1982) · Stanley Cohen, Viktor Hamburger, Rita Levi-Montalcini (1983) · Michael S. Brown, Joseph L. Goldstein (1984) · Donald D. Brown, Mark Ptashne (1985) · Erwin Neher, Bert Sakmann (1986) · Günter Blobel (1987) · Thomas R. Cech, Phillip A. Sharp (1988) · Alfred G. Gilman, Edwin G. Krebs (1989) · Stephen Harrison, Michael G. Rossmann, Don C. Wiley (1990) · Richard R. Ernst, Kurt Wüthrich (1991) · Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard, Edward B. Lewis (1992) · Nicole Le Douarin, Donald Metcalf (1993) · Philippa Marrack, John W. Kappler (1994) · Leland H. Hartwell (1995) · Clay M. Armstrong, Bertil Hille (1996) · Stanley B. Prusiner (1997) · Arnold J. Levine, Bert Vogelstein (1998) · Pierre Chambon, Robert Roeder, Robert Tjian (1999) · H. Robert Horvitz, Stanley J. Korsmeyer (2000) · Avram Hershko, Alexander Varshavsky (2001) · James E. Rothman, Randy W. Schekman (2002) · Roderick MacKinnon (2003) · Tony Hunter, Tony Pawson (2004) · Ada Yonath (2005) · Roger David Kornberg (2006) · Joseph G. Gall, Elizabeth Blackburn, Carol W. Greider (2007) · F. Ulrich Hartl, Arthur Horwich, Rosalind Franklin (2008) · Victor R. Ambros, Gary Ruvkun (2009) · Thomas J. Kelly, Bruce Stillman (2010) |
Controllo di autorità VIAF: 65563464 LCCN: n88163753
Commons contiene immagini o altri file su Avram Hershko
