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|nome= |
|nome= Ford Fairlane |
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|immagine= |
|immagine= Ford Fairlane sedan.jpg |
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|didascalia= |
|didascalia=Una Ford Fairlane berlina del 1962 |
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|bandiera=Flag of the United |
|bandiera= Flag of the United States.svg |
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|bandiera_2= |
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|costruttore= |
|costruttore= Ford |
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|tipo= |
|tipo=Berlina |
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|altre_versioni=[[Coupé]] <br />[[Cabriolet]] <br />[[Familiare]] |
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|inizio_produzione=1958 |
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|inizio_produzione=1955 |
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|antenata= Austin Champ |
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|antenata=Ford Crestline |
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|fine_produzione=1967 |
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|serie=Prima serie (1955-1956) <br />Seconda serie (1957-1959) <br />Terza serie (1960-1961) <br />Quarta serie (1962-1965) <br />Quinta serie (1966-1967) <br />Sesta serie (1968-1969) <br />Settima serie (1970) |
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|erede= |
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|fine_produzione=1970 |
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|erede= Ford Torino |
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La '''Fairlane''' è stato un'[[autovettura]] prodotta dalla [[Ford]] dal [[1955]] al [[1970]] in sette serie. |
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==Il contesto== |
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Il nome del modello deriva da un proprietà di [[Henry Ford]] (comprendente una villa ed i relativi giardini), ''[[Fair Lane]]'', ubicata a [[Dearborn (Michigan)|Deaborn]], nel [[Michigan]]. |
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Durante gli in cui fu in produzione, la Fairlane appartenne a due tipologie di autovetture; inizialmente fu una [[Vetture Full-Size|full-size]], mentre dal [[1962]] cambiò categoria, diventando [[Vetture Mid-Size|mid-size]]. Nel [[1967]] venne lanciata la Fairlane [[Australia|australiana]], che fu progettata e costruita nel Paese oceanico, e che era un modello diverso rispetto all’omologo statunitense. La versione australiana venne prodotta in cinque serie fino al [[2007]]. |
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Negli Stati Uniti, la Fairlane venne prodotta a [[Claycomo]], nel [[Missouri]]<ref>{{en}} {{cita web|cognome=|nome=|url= http://media.ford.com/plant_display.cfm?plant_id=33|titolo= Facilities - Ford Motor Company Newsroom |accesso=20-02-2012|formato=}}</ref>. Il [[Motore a scoppio|motore]] era [[Motore anteriore|anteriore]], mentre la [[Trazione (meccanica)|trazione]] era [[Trazione posteriore|posteriore]] |
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La Fairlane fu prodotta in diverse versioni: due [[Portiera|porte]] [[coupé]], due porte [[cabriolet]], due e quattro porte [[berlina]], due e quattro porte [[familiare]]. La versione di quest’ultima a due porte fu disponibile solo nel [[1964]]<ref name="autogenerated414">{{Cita|Gunnell, 2002|pag. 414}}</ref> |
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==La prima serie (1955–56)== |
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{{Auto2 |
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|nome=Ford Fairlane |
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|immagine= '55 Ford Fairlane (Auto classique Laval '11).JPG |
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|didascalia=Una Ford Fairlane Crown Victoria del 1955 |
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|versioni= |
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|anni_produzione=Dal [[1955]] al [[1956]] |
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|stelle= |
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|lunghezza=3.531-4.064<ref name=A-Z45to80>{{Cita|Robson, 2006}}</ref> |
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}}[[File:1956 Ford Fairlane Victoria ATH802.jpg|thumb|left|250px|Una Ford Fairlane Victoria del [[1956]]]] |
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}}L<nowiki>'</nowiki>'''Austin Gipsy''' è stato un modello di [[fuoristrada]] prodotto dall'[[Austin Motor Company|Austin]] dal [[1958]] al [[1967]]. |
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Nel [[1955]] la Fairlane fu lanciata sul mercato sostituendo, in cima alla categoria delle [[Vetture Full-Size|vetture full-size]] Ford, la [[Ford Crestline|Crestline]]. Era offerta in sei corpi vettura differenti, inclusa la ''Fairlane Crown Victoria Skyliner'' (che era caratterizzata dall’avere il tettuccio trasparente), la ''Fairlane Crown Victoria'' [[coupé]] (con parecchie parti in acciaio), la [[cabriolet]] ''Sunliner'', la ''Victoria'' coupé e le tradizionali [[Berlina|berline]]. Tutte avevano, sulla fiancata, una scritta in acciaio riportante la dicitura “Fairlane”. |
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I [[Motore a scoppio|motori]] disponibili erano due, il [[Motore in linea a sei cilindri|sei cilindri in linea]] da 3,7 [[Litro|L]] di [[cilindrata]] ed il [[Motore V8|V8]] da 4,5 L. |
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==Il contesto== |
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La Gipsy fu un tentativo della [[casa automobilistica]] [[Regno Unito|britannica]] di competere con la [[Land Rover Series - Defender|Land Rover]] nel settore dei veicoli fuoristrada. |
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Il [[1956]] vide pochi cambiamenti. Fu introdotta la quattro porte [[Vetture Hardtop|hard-top]] Victoria e furono disponibili due nuovi [[Motore V8|motori V8]] più potenti, uno da 4,8 L e l’altro da 5,1 L. Il primo erogava 225 [[Cavallo vapore|CV]] di [[Potenza (fisica)|potenza]]. Venne introdotto il pacchetto di sicurezza. |
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Inizialmente era disponibile una sola versione di [[Passo (veicoli)|passo]] 2.286 mm (successivamente conosciuta come "passo corto"). In seguito venne aggiunta all’offerta una versione da 2819 mm, denominata "passo lungo". |
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{{clear}} |
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Con la fusione della [[British Motor Corporation]] con la Leyland a formare la [[British Leyland]], l’Austin Gipsy e le Land Rover erano prodotte dalla stessa compagnia. Quest’ultima decise quindi di interrompere la produzione della Gispy dopo 21.208 esemplari fabbricati. |
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==Caratteristiche tecniche== |
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Le [[Sospensione (meccanica)|sospensioni]] erano piuttosto sofisticate ed erano indipendenti sulle quattro ruote. Le molle erano in gomma ''Flexitor''. I modelli successivi usavano molle a [[Balestra (meccanica)|balestra]] sia all’[[avantreno]] che al [[retrotreno]], e ciò portò ad un ottimo comportamento del mezzo sulle superfici accidentate<ref name=Autocar196705/>. La [[Trazione (meccanica)|trazione]] era [[Trazione integrale|integrale]]. |
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La Gipsy montava un [[Motore ad accensione comandata|motore]] a [[benzina]] e [[valvole in testa]] da 2.199 [[Centimetro cubo|cm<sup>3</sup>]] di [[cilindrata]], basato sul propulsore dell’[[Austin A70]]. La [[Potenza (fisica)|potenza]] erogata era di 55 [[Cavallo vapore|CV]]. Prima degli [[Anni 1960|anni sessanta]] erano comuni motori con [[rapporto di compressione]] basso, e quindi i veicoli di questo decennio erano piuttosto tolleranti alle benzine con basso [[numero di ottano]]<ref name=Autocar196705>{{cita pubblicazione |quotes= |cognome= Howard |nome= Geoffrey |linkautore= |coautori= |anno= 1967 |mese= 18 maggio |titolo= Market Select: Another look at the British cars tested since last Spring |rivista= [[Autocar]] |volume= |numero= 3718 |pagine= pagg. 4–14 |id= |url= |lingua= inglese |accesso= |abstract= }}</ref>. Fu anche offerto un [[motore Diesel]] da 2.178 cm<sup>3</sup> e 62 CV di potenza<ref name=Autocar196705/>. |
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==Second generation - 1957–1959== |
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== Altri progetti == |
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{{see also|1957 Ford}} |
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{{interprogetto|commons=Category:Austin Gipsy}} |
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[[Image:1957 Ford Fairlane.jpg|thumb|1957 Ford Fairlane 500 Club Victoria]] |
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For 1957, a new look gave a longer, wider, lower and sleeker look with low [[tailfin]]s. A new top trim level was added, the '''Fairlane 500'''. For the first time, the lower-level Custom line had a shorter wheelbase than the Fairlane (Per la prima volta, il modello Custom, posto un gradino più in basso, aveva un passo più corto di quello della Fairlane). Engines were largely the same as the year before. The big news for 1957 was the introduction of the [[Ford Skyliner|Fairlane 500 Skyliner]] power [[Coupé convertible|retractable hardtop]], whose solid top hinged and folded down into the trunk space at the touch of a button. Unfortunately, it attracted more attention than sales; the option was expensive, somewhat unreliable, and took up almost all the trunk space when retracted. Even so, it required the roof to be made shorter than the other Fairlanes, and the trunk to be larger. |
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Another facelift for 1958 saw fashionable quad headlights, a grille that matched the 1958 [[Ford Thunderbird|Thunderbird]], and other styling changes. New [[big-block]] ''[[Ford FE engine|FE]]'' [[V8 engine|V8s]] of 332 and 352 CID (5.4) and (5.8 L) replaced the previous largest V8s, and a better 3-speed [[automatic transmission]] was also available. |
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1959 saw a new top-level full-size model introduced at mid-year, the [[Ford Galaxie]]. |
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A Fairlane is featured in the 1965 James Bond film Thunderball, and also briefly in the 2002 Bond film Die Another Day. |
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<gallery> |
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Image:1958 Ford Fairlane XDG821 3.jpg| 1958 Ford Fairlane 500 Skyliner |
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Image:1958 Ford Fairlane 500 AOW532 2.jpg|1958 Ford Fairlane 500 Club Victoria |
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Image:1958 Ford Fairlane Convertible RWZ199.jpg|1958 Ford Fairlane 500 Skyliner |
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Image:1959 Ford Fairlane 500 Skyliner.jpg|1959 Ford Fairlane 500 Skyliner |
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</gallery> |
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[[File:1958 Ford Fairlane 500 - Ahmet Baris ISITAN.jpg|thumb|1958 Ford Fairlane 500]] |
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==Third generation - 1960–1961== |
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{{see also|1960 Ford}} |
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[[File:1960 Ford Fairlane 500.jpg|thumb|1960 Ford Fairlane 500 4 Door Sedan]] |
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Full-size Fairlane and Fairlane 500 models were redesigned for 1960 and again for the 1961 model year. However, the new Galaxie series replaced the Fairlane 500 as the top-of-the-line big Ford. Fairlane 500s were mid-level in the lineup and were equivalent to the [[Chevrolet Bel Air]]. Fairlanes were primarily sold as bottom-basement models for fleet use (taxi, police). Hardtop models were discontinued and only sedans and wagons were available during these years. Chrome trim was reserved mainly for the Galaxie, although Fairlane 500s did have a bit more shiny trim than plain Fairlanes. |
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The big-block 390 cubic-inch V8 was available as the top-horsepower option as the "horsepower race" in Detroit continued (poichè la corsa ai cavalli vapore a Detroit continuava). |
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==Fourth generation - 1962–1965== |
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{{Infobox Automobile generation |
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|name=Fourth generation |
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|production=1962–1965 |
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|body_style=2-door [[coupe]]<br>2-door [[convertible]]<br>2-door [[Sedan (car)|sedan]]<br>4-door [[Sedan (car)|sedan]]<br>2-door [[station wagon]] (1964 only)<ref name="autogenerated414"/><br>4-door [[station wagon]] |
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|assembly=[[Lorain, Ohio]] |
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|image=[[Image:1962 Ford Fairlane.jpg|250px|1962 Ford Fairlane]] |
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|wheelbase={{convert|2934|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} |
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|length={{convert|5004|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oldcarbrochures.com/static/NA/Ford/1962_Ford/1962_Ford_Full_Size_Brochure/1962%20Ford%20Full%20Size-24.html |title=Directory Index: Ford/1962_Ford/1962_Ford_Full_Size_Brochure |publisher=Oldcarbrochures.com |date= |accessdate=2011-11-20}}</ref> |
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|engine=2.8L [[Straight-six engine|I6]]<br>3.6L [[V8]]<br>4.2L [[V8]] |
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|related=[[Mercury Meteor]] |
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|transmission=2-speed [[Automatic transmission|automatic]]<br>3-speed automatic<br>4-speed [[Manual transmission|manual]] |
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}} |
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The Fairlane name was moved to Ford's new intermediate, introduced for the 1962 model year to bridge the gap between the compact [[Ford Falcon (North America)|Ford Falcon]] and the full-size [[Ford Galaxie|Galaxie]], making it a competitor for [[General Motors|GM's]] [[GM A platform|A-body 'senior compacts']]. With an overall length of 197 in (5004 mm) and a wheelbase of 115.5 in (2934 mm) it was 16 in (406 mm) longer than the Falcon and 12.3 in (312 mm) shorter than the Galaxie. |
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Like the Falcon, the Fairlane had a [[monocoque|unibody]] frame, but the body incorporated an unusual feature Ford dubbed 'torque boxes,' four boxed structures in the lower body structure designed to absorb road shock by moving slightly in the vertical plane. Suspension was a conventional short-long arm independent arrangement in front, with [[Hotchkiss drive]] in the rear (ma il corpo vettura incorporava un'insolita caratteristica che la Ford denominò torque boxes, ossia quattro strutture scatolate progettate per assorbire le sollecitazioni alla scocca mediante leggeri movimenti sul piano verticale. Lo schema delle sospensioni prevedeva un'avantreno a ruote indipendenti con bracci longitudinali ed un retrotreno che riceveva il moto mediante un albero di trasmissione Hotchkiss). The Fairlane was initially offered only in two-door or four-door sedan body styles. |
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The Fairlane's standard engine was the 170 CID (2.8 L) [[Straight-6|six]], but as an option, it introduced Ford's new, lightweight [[Ford Windsor engine|Windsor]] [[V8 engine|V8]], initially with a displacement of 221 CID (3.6 L) and 145 hp (108 kW); a 260 CID (4.2 L) "Challenger" version was added at mid-year, with an advertised {{convert|164|hp|abbr=on}}. The Sports Coupe option débuted mid-year and featured bucket seats and a mini console. The trim level supplemented the Fairlane and Fairlane 500 trim levels (the 500 model having more decorative trim, such as a wider chrome stripe down the side and three bullets on the rear quarter panels (tre borchie sui parafanghi posteriori)). The Challenger 289 CID engine was introduced in mid-1963, with solid lifters (punterie a bicchierino) and other performance pieces helping the engine produce an advertised {{convert|271|hp|abbr=on}}; however, it was equipped with single exhaust like the less powerful engines. This engine was coded "K" in the [[Vehicle Identification Number]] (VIN). Exterior identification was by fender-mounted "V" badges that read "289 High Performance". That same year, [[station wagons]] arrived, called the '''Ranch Wagon''' and '''Ranch Custom Wagon'''. All 1962 Fairlanes had "B" posts despite the popularity of the pillarless hardtop and convertible styles in that era (Tutte le Fairlane del 1962 ebbero un successo parziale, nonostante la popolarità delle hardtop senza montante centrale e delle cabriolet dell'epoca). |
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Ford saw the problem and introduced two pillarless hardtop coupes for 1963, in Fairlane 500 and Sports Coupe trim. For 1963 and later Sports Coupe models, the center console, which had come from the Falcon parts bin for 1962, was changed to be similar to that of the Galaxie. Front end styling for the '63 models mimicked the big Galaxie models, but the rear end retained the small tailfins and "pieplate" taillamp styling cues (fari tondi). The '''Squire''' wagon (a fake [[woodie]]) was available for 1963 only, including one model with front bucket seats. The "Swing-Away" steering wheel became an option in 1964.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oldcarbrochures.com/static/NA/Ford/1964_Ford/1964_Ford_Brochure_1/1964%20Ford-All-03.html |title=Directory Index: Ford/1964_Ford/1964_Ford_Brochure_1 |publisher=Oldcarbrochures.com |date= |accessdate=2011-11-20}}</ref> |
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The 1964 and 1965 Fairlane ranges consisted of similar body styles: base Fairlane and Fairlane 500 two-door [[coupe]]s and four-door [[Sedan (car)|sedans]], Fairlane 500 and Sports Coupe two-door hardtops. The Fairlane Squire wagon was dropped, but the standard station wagon was continued. The 221 [[V8]] was dropped after 1963, leaving the six as the base engine and the 260 as the base V8. The "K-code" 271-horsepower 289 V8 continued into 1964 gaining dual exhausts, while a {{convert|195|hp}} version of the 289 with a two-barrell carburetor and hydraulic lifters (punterie idrauliche) was introduced. The two-speed Fordomatic continued as the [[automatic transmission]] choice for the 260 in 1964, while 289 V8s got the three-speed Cruise-O-Matic transmission option. All 1965 models featured {{convert|14|in|mm|adj=on}} wheels as standard, in place of the earlier {{convert|13|in|mm|adj=on}} wheels, and Fordomatic was finally phased out, leaving Cruise-O-Matic the only automatic available for the Fairlane. The 260 was also dropped after 1964, leaving the two-barrel 289 as the base V8. Styling-wise, in 1964, a new grille and headlight bezels were introduced, the tail fins were dropped, some chrome decorating on the side was changed and the shape of the trunk lid changed. Styling features for 1965 included body-color headlight bezels for the deluxe models and rectangular taillight lenses, a return to the 1962-1963 trunk lid, along with less chrome on the body and a small standup hood ornament (Le caratteristiche stilistiche per il 1965 includevano le cornici dei fari anteriori in tinta con la carrozzeria per il modello deluxe e fari posteriori di forma rettangolare, un ritorno al bagagliaio posteriore degli anni 1962-63, assieme ad un numero minore di parti cromate sul corpo vettura ed un piccolo stemma sulla sommità della calandra). |
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===Thunderbolt=== (riassunto) |
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[[File:1964 thunderbolt.jpg|thumb|Modified, street-driven 1964 [[Ford Fairlane Thunderbolt]] factory experimental drag car]] |
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As the [[muscle car]] market took shape, Ford introduced a Ford Fairlane Thunderbolt for [[drag racing]] for 1964, heavily modified to incorporate Fords 427 CID (7.0 L) V8 race engine with two four-barrel carburetors on a high-riser manifold, [[Cold air intake|ram-air]] through the openings left by deleting the inboard headlights, equal-length headers, trunk-mounted battery (collettori di aspirazione più performanti, prese d'aria ottenute eliminando i fari interni, collettori di scarico di uguale lunghezza, batteria installata nel bagagliaio), [[fiberglass]] hood, doors, fenders and front bumper, [[acrylic glass]] windows, and other lightweight options including deleted rear-door window winders (maniglie alzacristalli posteriori), carpeting, radio, sealant (sigillante), sun visors, armrests, jack, lug wrench (cric e chiave a croce), heater, soundproofing (insonorizzazione), and passenger side windshield wiper. The cars wore Fairlane 500 trim, and were only offered with the 2-door sedan body. This special model, of which 111 to 127 total were made (sources disagree),{{who|date=February 2010}} delivered 657 hp (490 kW) at 7,500 rpm <ref>{{cite web|url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford_FE_engine |title=Ford FE engine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia |publisher=En.wikipedia.org |date= |accessdate=2011-11-20}}</ref> and was known as the '''[[Ford Fairlane Thunderbolt|Thunderbolt]]. |
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Racing in NHRA Super Stock class on {{convert|7|in|mm|adj=on}}-wide tires, the Thunderbolt was based on the midlevel Fairlane 500 two-door pillared sedan, and in 1964 set elapsed time and top speed records at 11.6 seconds and 124 mph (200 km/h), .<ref>{{cite web|author=Hemmings.com |url=http://www.hemmings.com/mus/stories/2008/08/01/hmn_feature15.html |title=1964 Ford Fairlane 500 Thunderbolt | Hemmings Motor News |publisher=Hemmings.com |date= |accessdate=2011-11-20}}</ref> took the Super Stock title, and won the Manufacturer's Cup; it is probably the quickest and fastest production drag racer ever produced. The car as delivered was in fact slightly too light to meet NHRA's 3200 lb (1451 kg) minimum weight unless it was raced with a full tank of gasoline, which would bring it to 3203 lb (1453 kg). NHRA rules then{{clarifyme|date=February 2010|in '64, or later?}} required a metal front bumper, so the cars began to be supplied with an aluminum bumper and previous purchasers were supplied with one. |
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Finally,{{clarifyme|date=February 2010|1964?}} the NHRA changed the rules to require 500 models of a car to be manufactured for Super Stock competition, and Ford, which had been losing $1500 to $2000 on each Thunderbolt sold at the sticker price of $3900, gave up. The first 11 Thunderbolts were painted maroon (known as Vintage Burgundy in Ford literature), the rest white; 99 had manual transmissions. Many are still raced. About 50 similar [[Mercury Cyclone]]s were also produced by Ford in 1964, destined to be modified to represent Ford in A/FX competition, which they dominated as well. |
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<gallery> |
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Image:wiki internet.JPG|1963 Ford Fairlane 500 |
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Image:63fairlane.JPG|1963 Ford Fairlane 500 |
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File:Ford Fairlane BW 3.JPG|1965 Ford Fairlane 500 |
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File:Ford Fairlane BW 2.JPG|1965 Ford Fairlane 500 |
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</gallery> |
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==Fifth generation - 1966–1967== |
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{{Infobox Automobile generation |
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|name=Fifth generation |
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|assembly=[[Lorain, Ohio]] |
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|body_style=2-door [[coupe]]<br>2-door [[convertible]]<br>2-door [[Sedan (car)|sedan]]<br>4-door [[Sedan (car)|sedan]]<br>4-door [[station wagon]] |
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|production=1966–1967 |
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|wheelbase={{convert|116.0|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} |
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|image=[[Image:Ford Fairlane GTA.jpg|250px|1966 Ford Fairlane GTA]] |
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|engine={{convert|200|cuin|L|1|abbr=on}} [[Straight-six engine|I6]]<br>{{convert|390|cuin|L|1|abbr=on}} [[V8]]<br>{{convert|289|cuin|L|1|abbr=on}} [[V8]] |
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|related=[[Ford Ranchero]]<br>[[Mercury Comet]] |
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}} |
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The Fairlane was revised in 1966. XL, GT and GTA packages were introduced, as well as a convertible to join the existing range of sedans, hardtops and station wagons. The "K-code" 289 was dropped this year. GT featured a 390 [[Cubic inch displacement|CID]] V8 as standard, while the GTA had a SportShift Cruise-o-Matic [[automatic transmission]]. The base 390 CID engine, meanwhile, developed {{convert|335|bhp|abbr=on}} and had a four-barrel carburetor. Mid year, Ford produced 60 special Fairlane 500 2-door hardtops with a '"R-code" 427 CID unit rated at {{convert|425|bhp|abbr=on}} and equipped with Ford's "Top-Loader" 4-speed [[manual transmission]]. Built to qualify the engine/transmission combination for [[NHRA]] and [[IHRA]] Super Stock racing, they were white and had a fiberglass hood with a forward-facing hood scoop which ended at the edge of the hood (con il frontale inclinato in avanti). The '''Fairlane Squire''' wagon re-débuted for 1966. |
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Minor trim changes were introduced for 1967 as the Fairlane was mildly facelifted. The 289 CID small-block became the base V8, with a 200-cubic-inch six standard, with the 390 CID optional (with either two- or four-barrel carburetor, at 275 and {{convert|320|bhp|abbr=on}} respectively). The 427s were still available, either with a single four-barrel carburetor or dual quad carbs, developing 410 (Q-code) and 425 bhp (R-code) respectively; however, 427s were not available on XL models. The notable addition for the 1967 model year was a '''[[Ford Ranchero|Ranchero]]''' [[pickup truck|pick-up truck]] as part of the Fairlane range (from 1960 to 1965, the Ranchero was based on the Falcon, while in 1966 it used the Fairlane platform but Falcon styling). 1967 Fairlanes also saw the introduction of a number of Federal government-mandated safety features, including a new energy-absorbing steering column with large padded steering wheel hub, soft interior trim, 4-way hazard flashers, a dual-chamber braking system and shoulder belt anchors (compreso un nuovo piantone dello sterzo ad assorbimento di energia con mozzo del volante imbottito, soffici rivestimenti interni, hazard a quattro lampeggianti, sistema frenante a doppio circuito e cinture di sicurezza). |
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The Falcon Ranchero and Falcon [[station wagon]] were, between 1966 and 1970, identical under the skin to the Fairlane versions of the same model. Only sheetmetal and trim differed. |
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<gallery> |
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File:'66 Ford Fairlane Sedan (Sterling Ford).jpg|1966 Ford Fairlane 500 4-Door Sedan |
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Image:1967 Ford Fairlane.jpg|1967 Ford Fairlane 500 Hardtop |
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File:Ford Fairlane Coupe (Orange Julep '10).jpg|1967 Ford Fairlane 500 Hardtop |
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File:1967 Ford Fairlane Ranchero.jpg|1967 Ford Fairlane Ranchero |
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</gallery> |
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==Sixth generation - 1968–1969== |
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{{Infobox Automobile generation |
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|name=Sixth generation |
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|body_style=2-door [[coupe]]<br>2-door [[convertible]]<br>2-door [[Sedan (car)|sedan]]<br>4-door [[Sedan (car)|sedan]]<br>4-door [[station wagon]] |
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|image=[[Image:'69 Ford Fairlane Coupe (Orange Julep).JPG|250px|1969 Ford Fairlane coupe]] |
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|production=1968–1969 (North America)<br>1969–1981 (Argentina) |
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|wheelbase={{convert|116.0|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} |
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|assembly=[[Lorain, Ohio]]<br>[[General Pacheco]], [[Argentina]] |
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|engine={{convert|302|cuin|L|1|abbr=on}} [[V8]]<br>{{convert|390|cuin|L|1|abbr=on}} [[V8]]<br>{{convert|428|cuin|L|1|abbr=on}} [[V8]] |
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|related=[[Ford Ranchero]]<br>[[Mercury Comet]] |
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}} |
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A redesign took place in 1968. The [[wheelbase]] remained {{convert|116|in|mm|0|abbr=on}}, but it grew in other dimensions. A [[fastback]] '''Sportsroof''' model was introduced in the Fairlane 500 series, as well as a more luxurious [[Ford Torino|Torino]] model at the top of the intermediate range, contributing 172,083 of the Fairlane's 371,787 units sold that year. (oltre che un più lussuoso modello Torino al top della gamma intermedia, che contribuì con 172.083 dei 371.787 esemplari di Fairlane costruiti in quell'anno)<ref>Flory, J. "Kelly", Jr. ''American Cars 1960-1972'' (Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Coy, 2004), p.599.</ref> The Ranch Wagon model name was deleted: Fairlane wagons had either the base or the 500 trim (il modello Ranch Wagon venne cancellato: le Fairlane con carrozzeria giardinetta erano previste con l'allestimento base o con l'allestimento della Fairlane 500). Base [[hardtop]] sales more than doubled, to 44,683 units.<ref>Flory, p.599.</ref> In the beginning of 1968 the base model Fairlane was sold with the 2-Barrel 289 cid V8, until Ford decided to replace the 289 with the 302 cid as standard.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fordfairlane.com/68codes.html |title=Fairlane Registry - FordFairlane.com - 1968 VIN Codes |publisher=FordFairlane.com |date= |accessdate=2010-10-19}}</ref> The GTs were part of the Torino range (Le GT divennero parte della gamma Torino), with a {{convert|302|cid|l|1|abbron}} V8 standard, with optional engines being the {{convert|390|cid|l|1|abbron}} V8 in 2- and 4-barrel versions. The 390 4-barrel was supplanted mid-year as the top performance engine by the {{convert|428|cid|l|1|abbron}} Cobra Jet, developing {{convert|335|bhp|abbr=on}}. There was also a {{convert|428|cid|l|1|abbron}} Super Cobra Jet. The Ranchero had a GT model, in addition to standard and 500 versions (La Ranchero ebbe un modello GT, in aggiunta alle versioni base e 500). |
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The '''Cobra''' was introduced in 1969 as a competitor for Plymouth's Road Runner. Basic models featured the 302 CID V8 and three-speed manual transmission as standard. Options included the 390 CID and two 428 CID V8s. The Cobras, meanwhile, had a standard 428 CID V8 with {{convert|335|bhp|abbr=on}}, and options included bucket seats, hood scoop, clock, tachometer, power disc brakes and 4.30:1 rear axle gearing (coppia conica di 4.30:1). "Regular" Fairlanes and Rancheros continued, all with bucket-seat options. |
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An even more powerful version, the [[Ford Torino Talladega|'''Torino Talladega''']], was created to compete on the NASCAR Grand National speedways. Only 754 were built. To compete with the new Dodge Charger 500, the Sportsroof-based [[Ford Torino Talladega]] got a sloped nose and flush grille (?). The 428 CID V8 was standard, but it was mated to a C-6 Cruise-o-Matic automatic transmission.[[File:Talladegas at Talladega in 2009.jpg|thumb|Talladegas at Talladega in 2009]] |
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{{-}} |
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==Seventh Generation - 1970== |
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{{Infobox Automobile generation |
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|name=Seventh generation |
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|production=1970 |
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|wheelbase= {{convert|117|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} |
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|related=[[Ford Ranchero]]<br>[[Mercury Comet]] |
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|assembly=[[Lorain, Ohio]] |
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|body_style=2-door [[coupe]]<br>2-door [[convertible]]<br>2-door [[Sedan (car)|sedan]]<br>4-door [[Sedan (car)|sedan]]<br>4-door [[station wagon]] |
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|engine= {{convert|250|cuin|L|1|abbr=on}} [[Straight-six engine|I6]]<br>{{convert|302|cuin|L|1|abbr=on}} [[Ford Windsor engine|Windsor V8]]<br>{{convert|351|cuin|L|1|abbr=on}} [[Ford Windsor engine|Windsor V8]]<br>{{convert|351|cuin|L|1|abbr=on}} [[Ford 335 engine|Cleveland V8]]<br>{{convert|429|cuin|L|1|abbr=on}} [[Ford 385 engine|385 Series V8]] |
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|related=[[Mercury Montego]]<br>[[Ford Ranchero]] |
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}} |
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Ford's intermediates grew again in 1970, now with a {{convert|117|in|mm|0|abbr=on}} wheelbase. At the start of the model year, only the Fairlane 500 remained as the base trim model in what was now effectively the Torino series. |
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The straight six-cylinder was the economy power, while largest engine was now a {{convert|429|CID|l|1|abbr=on}} with four-barrel carburetor and {{convert|360|bhp|abbr=on}}, on the Torino Cobra. Different heads were optional and gave the Cobra {{convert|370|bhp|abbr=on}} and higher compression. Other options included the '''Cobra Jet Ram Air 429''', though Ford quoted the same power output, and the '''Drag Pack''' rated at {{convert|375|bhp|abbr=on}}. However, the 1970s were slower than the 1969s, and race teams were forced to run the older models. |
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[[File:Ford Falcon Coupe (Les chauds vendredis '10).jpg|left|thumb|The 1970½ Ford Falcon 2-door Sedan. The 1970½ Falcon was a low priced version of the 1970 Fairlane 500]] |
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The [[Ford Falcon (Americas)|Falcon]] name was transferred from Ford's now discontinued compact to a basic, even lower trim version of the intermediate platform as a "1970½" model on January 1, 1970 (Il nome Falcon venne trasferito il 1° gennaio 1970 dalla compatta Ford, oggi fuori produzione, ad un modello di fascia più bassa, la "1970½", versione di base della piattaforma intermedia). This series included a two-door sedan which was not available in the higher trim lines. For 1971, the Falcon and Fairlane 500 names were dropped, as all of the intermediate models took the Torino name. |
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{{-}} |
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==Ford Fairlane in Argentina== |
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[[File:Blue Argentine Ford Fairlane.jpg|thumb|The Argentine Ford Fairlane]] |
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The four-door sedan of the 1968 body style was built in [[Argentina]] from 1969 to 1981 under the Fairlane name with three equipment packages: Standard, 500 and LTD. The car was similar to the American model except the engines. There were two options: a 221 CID 6-cylinder with {{convert|132|hp|abbr=on}}, and the old 292 CID "Y-Block" V8 which had been last used in the 1964 F-Series truck; it was rated at {{convert|185|hp|abbr=on}}. In 1978 the LTD "Elite" option was introduced as the most luxurious made in Argentina. By the end of production in 1981, almost 30,000 Fairlanes had been made. |
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{{-}} |
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Ford Fairlane (Australia): |
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The '''Ford Fairlane''' and '''LTD''' are full-size [[luxury vehicles]]<ref>[http://www.uniquecarsandparts.com.au/car_info_ford_fairlane.htm Ford Fairlane, Landau & LTD at www.uniquecarsandparts.com.au] Retieved on 11 May 2011</ref> that were produced in a series of models by [[Ford Australia]] between 1959 (with the LTD commencing production in 1973) and 2007. |
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From 1959 to 1964, the Fairlane was a locally assembled version of the American [[Ford Fairlane (North America)|Ford Fairlane]] which had taken its name from [[Henry Ford]]'s estate, ''[[Fair Lane]]'', near [[Dearborn, Michigan]]. This was Ford Australia’s top of the range model until replaced by an Australian-assembled version of the full-size American [[Ford Galaxie]]. In 1967 Ford Australia reintroduced the Fairlane, this time as an Australian-developed, luxury, long-wheelbase version of its mainstream [[Ford Falcon (Australia)|Falcon]] (questa volta come un modello totalmente sviluppato in Australia, lussuosa versione a passo lungo della normale Falcon di grande produzione), positioned between the Falcon and the Galaxie. The locally assembled Galaxie evolved into the [[Ford LTD (North America)|LTD]] which was itself replaced in 1973 by an Australian developed, Fairlane-based model, also known as the Ford LTD (La Galaxie assemblata in loco evolse nella LTD, che venne a sua volta sostituita nel 1973 da un modello su base Fairlane, anch'esso noto come Ford LTD). In North America, unlike its designation in Australia, it was not considered a luxury vehicle. In Australia, "LTD" originally stood for "Lincoln Type Design", although Ford Australia later promoted a connection with the meaning "Limited". |
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The Fairlane and LTD competed in the marketplace with the [[Holden Brougham]] (1968–1971), the [[Statesman (automobile)|Statesman]] (1971–1984) and later with the [[Holden Caprice|Holden Statesman and Caprice]] (1990–2007). |
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==2005 concept== |
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[[Image:Ford Fairlane Concept.jpg|thumb|The Ford Fairlane concept car at the 2005 [[Chicago Auto Show]]]] |
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At the [[North American International Auto Show#2005|2005 Auto Show circuit]], Ford revealed a new [[concept car]] with the Fairlane nameplate.<ref>"[http://www.motortrend.com/auto_shows/coverage/112_05_chicago_ford_fairlane_photos/index.html 2005 Chicago Auto Show: Ford Fairlane Photo Gallery]." ''Motor Trend,'' 2005.</ref> The "people-mover" (per il trasporto di persone) Fairlane [[Crossover SUV|crossover utility vehicle]] concept featured three-row seating for six passengers, and previewed the chromed three bar horizontal grill design, which currently appears on the 2006 [[Ford Fusion (Americas)|Ford Fusion]] sedan and 2007 [[Ford Edge]] crossover utility vehicle."<ref>Nevin, Brad. "[http://media.ford.com/newsroom/feature_display.cfm?release=19669 Ford Fairlane Breaks New Ground as a People Mover]." ''Ford Communications Network,'' 9 December 2005.</ref><ref>"[http://www.automobilemag.com/auto_shows/naias_2005/0501_ford_fairlane/ Ford Fairlane Concept]." ''Automobile Magazine,'' 2005.</ref> |
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===Production model=== |
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:''See [[Ford Flex]]'' |
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A production version of the Fairlane concept, which is now called the [[Ford Flex]], has debuted at the 2007 New York Auto Show, and entered production for the 2009 model year in summer 2008. Unlike the concept, the production model comes with 7 seats. It is built on the [[Ford D3 platform]], which is also used by the [[Ford Taurus]], and [[Mercury Sable]]. It is intended to replace the people-mover capability of the [[Ford Freestar]] minivan.<ref>"[http://wardsautoworld.com/ar/auto_ford_oks_fairlane/ Ford OKs Fairlane, Keeps Town Car]." ''Ward's AutoWorld,'' 1 October 2006.</ref><ref>"[http://www.caranddriver.com/dailyautoinsider/11644/ford-develops-people-movers-to-replace-minivans.html Ford Develops People Movers to Replace Minivans]." ''Car and Driver.''</ref> |
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==Altri progetti== |
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{{interprogetto|commons=Category:Ford Fairlane}} |
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==Note== |
==Note== |
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| Riga 50: | Riga 228: | ||
==Bibliografia== |
==Bibliografia== |
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* |
* {{cita libro | cognome= The Auto Editors of Consumer Guide| nome= |coautori = | titolo= Encyclopedia of American Cars: A Comprehensive History of The American Automakers From 1930 To Today| editore= Publications International| città= | anno=2006 |lingua = inglese |url = |accesso = |pagine = |id = ISBN 978-14-12713-54-2}} |
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* {{cita libro | cognome= Georgano| nome= Nick|coautori = | titolo= The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile | editore= Routledge| città= | anno=2000 |lingua = inglese |url = |accesso = |pagine = |id = ISBN 978-15-79582-93-7}} |
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* {{Bibliografia|Gunnell, 2002|{{cita libro | cognome= Gunnell | nome= John |coautori = | titolo= Standard Catalogue of American Cars 1946-1975| editore= Krause Publications | città= | anno=2002 |lingua = inglese |url = |accesso = |pagine = |id =}}}} |
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==Collegamenti esterni== |
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* {{en}} [http://www.austinmemories.com Austin Memories] |
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* {{en}} [http://www.austingipsy.net Sito web sull’Austin Gipsy] |
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{{ |
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{{automobili}} |
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Versione delle 02:27, 21 feb 2012
| Ford Fairlane | |
|---|---|
 Una Ford Fairlane berlina del 1962 | |
| Descrizione generale | |
| Costruttore |  Ford
|
| Tipo principale | Berlina |
| Altre versioni | Coupé Cabriolet Familiare |
| Produzione | dal 1955 al 1970 |
| Sostituisce la | Ford Crestline |
| Serie | Prima serie (1955-1956) Seconda serie (1957-1959) Terza serie (1960-1961) Quarta serie (1962-1965) Quinta serie (1966-1967) Sesta serie (1968-1969) Settima serie (1970) |
| Sostituita da | Ford Torino |
La Fairlane è stato un'autovettura prodotta dalla Ford dal 1955 al 1970 in sette serie.
Il contesto
Il nome del modello deriva da un proprietà di Henry Ford (comprendente una villa ed i relativi giardini), Fair Lane, ubicata a Deaborn, nel Michigan.
Durante gli in cui fu in produzione, la Fairlane appartenne a due tipologie di autovetture; inizialmente fu una full-size, mentre dal 1962 cambiò categoria, diventando mid-size. Nel 1967 venne lanciata la Fairlane australiana, che fu progettata e costruita nel Paese oceanico, e che era un modello diverso rispetto all’omologo statunitense. La versione australiana venne prodotta in cinque serie fino al 2007.
Negli Stati Uniti, la Fairlane venne prodotta a Claycomo, nel Missouri[1]. Il motore era anteriore, mentre la trazione era posteriore
La Fairlane fu prodotta in diverse versioni: due porte coupé, due porte cabriolet, due e quattro porte berlina, due e quattro porte familiare. La versione di quest’ultima a due porte fu disponibile solo nel 1964[2]
La prima serie (1955–56)
| Ford Fairlane | |
|---|---|
| Una Ford Fairlane Crown Victoria del 1955 Una Ford Fairlane Crown Victoria del 1955 | |
| Descrizione generale | |
| Anni di produzione | Dal 1955 al 1956 |
Nel 1955 la Fairlane fu lanciata sul mercato sostituendo, in cima alla categoria delle vetture full-size Ford, la Crestline. Era offerta in sei corpi vettura differenti, inclusa la Fairlane Crown Victoria Skyliner (che era caratterizzata dall’avere il tettuccio trasparente), la Fairlane Crown Victoria coupé (con parecchie parti in acciaio), la cabriolet Sunliner, la Victoria coupé e le tradizionali berline. Tutte avevano, sulla fiancata, una scritta in acciaio riportante la dicitura “Fairlane”.
I motori disponibili erano due, il sei cilindri in linea da 3,7 L di cilindrata ed il V8 da 4,5 L.
Il 1956 vide pochi cambiamenti. Fu introdotta la quattro porte hard-top Victoria e furono disponibili due nuovi motori V8 più potenti, uno da 4,8 L e l’altro da 5,1 L. Il primo erogava 225 CV di potenza. Venne introdotto il pacchetto di sicurezza.
Second generation - 1957–1959
For 1957, a new look gave a longer, wider, lower and sleeker look with low tailfins. A new top trim level was added, the Fairlane 500. For the first time, the lower-level Custom line had a shorter wheelbase than the Fairlane (Per la prima volta, il modello Custom, posto un gradino più in basso, aveva un passo più corto di quello della Fairlane). Engines were largely the same as the year before. The big news for 1957 was the introduction of the Fairlane 500 Skyliner power retractable hardtop, whose solid top hinged and folded down into the trunk space at the touch of a button. Unfortunately, it attracted more attention than sales; the option was expensive, somewhat unreliable, and took up almost all the trunk space when retracted. Even so, it required the roof to be made shorter than the other Fairlanes, and the trunk to be larger.
Another facelift for 1958 saw fashionable quad headlights, a grille that matched the 1958 Thunderbird, and other styling changes. New big-block FE V8s of 332 and 352 CID (5.4) and (5.8 L) replaced the previous largest V8s, and a better 3-speed automatic transmission was also available.
1959 saw a new top-level full-size model introduced at mid-year, the Ford Galaxie.
A Fairlane is featured in the 1965 James Bond film Thunderball, and also briefly in the 2002 Bond film Die Another Day.
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1958 Ford Fairlane 500 Skyliner -
1958 Ford Fairlane 500 Club Victoria -
1958 Ford Fairlane 500 Skyliner -
1959 Ford Fairlane 500 Skyliner
Third generation - 1960–1961
Full-size Fairlane and Fairlane 500 models were redesigned for 1960 and again for the 1961 model year. However, the new Galaxie series replaced the Fairlane 500 as the top-of-the-line big Ford. Fairlane 500s were mid-level in the lineup and were equivalent to the Chevrolet Bel Air. Fairlanes were primarily sold as bottom-basement models for fleet use (taxi, police). Hardtop models were discontinued and only sedans and wagons were available during these years. Chrome trim was reserved mainly for the Galaxie, although Fairlane 500s did have a bit more shiny trim than plain Fairlanes.
The big-block 390 cubic-inch V8 was available as the top-horsepower option as the "horsepower race" in Detroit continued (poichè la corsa ai cavalli vapore a Detroit continuava).
Fourth generation - 1962–1965
Template:Infobox Automobile generation
The Fairlane name was moved to Ford's new intermediate, introduced for the 1962 model year to bridge the gap between the compact Ford Falcon and the full-size Galaxie, making it a competitor for GM's A-body 'senior compacts'. With an overall length of 197 in (5004 mm) and a wheelbase of 115.5 in (2934 mm) it was 16 in (406 mm) longer than the Falcon and 12.3 in (312 mm) shorter than the Galaxie.
Like the Falcon, the Fairlane had a unibody frame, but the body incorporated an unusual feature Ford dubbed 'torque boxes,' four boxed structures in the lower body structure designed to absorb road shock by moving slightly in the vertical plane. Suspension was a conventional short-long arm independent arrangement in front, with Hotchkiss drive in the rear (ma il corpo vettura incorporava un'insolita caratteristica che la Ford denominò torque boxes, ossia quattro strutture scatolate progettate per assorbire le sollecitazioni alla scocca mediante leggeri movimenti sul piano verticale. Lo schema delle sospensioni prevedeva un'avantreno a ruote indipendenti con bracci longitudinali ed un retrotreno che riceveva il moto mediante un albero di trasmissione Hotchkiss). The Fairlane was initially offered only in two-door or four-door sedan body styles.
The Fairlane's standard engine was the 170 CID (2.8 L) six, but as an option, it introduced Ford's new, lightweight Windsor V8, initially with a displacement of 221 CID (3.6 L) and 145 hp (108 kW); a 260 CID (4.2 L) "Challenger" version was added at mid-year, with an advertised 164 hp (122 kW). The Sports Coupe option débuted mid-year and featured bucket seats and a mini console. The trim level supplemented the Fairlane and Fairlane 500 trim levels (the 500 model having more decorative trim, such as a wider chrome stripe down the side and three bullets on the rear quarter panels (tre borchie sui parafanghi posteriori)). The Challenger 289 CID engine was introduced in mid-1963, with solid lifters (punterie a bicchierino) and other performance pieces helping the engine produce an advertised 271 hp (202 kW); however, it was equipped with single exhaust like the less powerful engines. This engine was coded "K" in the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN). Exterior identification was by fender-mounted "V" badges that read "289 High Performance". That same year, station wagons arrived, called the Ranch Wagon and Ranch Custom Wagon. All 1962 Fairlanes had "B" posts despite the popularity of the pillarless hardtop and convertible styles in that era (Tutte le Fairlane del 1962 ebbero un successo parziale, nonostante la popolarità delle hardtop senza montante centrale e delle cabriolet dell'epoca).
Ford saw the problem and introduced two pillarless hardtop coupes for 1963, in Fairlane 500 and Sports Coupe trim. For 1963 and later Sports Coupe models, the center console, which had come from the Falcon parts bin for 1962, was changed to be similar to that of the Galaxie. Front end styling for the '63 models mimicked the big Galaxie models, but the rear end retained the small tailfins and "pieplate" taillamp styling cues (fari tondi). The Squire wagon (a fake woodie) was available for 1963 only, including one model with front bucket seats. The "Swing-Away" steering wheel became an option in 1964.[3]
The 1964 and 1965 Fairlane ranges consisted of similar body styles: base Fairlane and Fairlane 500 two-door coupes and four-door sedans, Fairlane 500 and Sports Coupe two-door hardtops. The Fairlane Squire wagon was dropped, but the standard station wagon was continued. The 221 V8 was dropped after 1963, leaving the six as the base engine and the 260 as the base V8. The "K-code" 271-horsepower 289 V8 continued into 1964 gaining dual exhausts, while a 195 cavalli vapore britannici (145 kW) version of the 289 with a two-barrell carburetor and hydraulic lifters (punterie idrauliche) was introduced. The two-speed Fordomatic continued as the automatic transmission choice for the 260 in 1964, while 289 V8s got the three-speed Cruise-O-Matic transmission option. All 1965 models featured 14-pollice (360 mm) wheels as standard, in place of the earlier 13-pollice (330 mm) wheels, and Fordomatic was finally phased out, leaving Cruise-O-Matic the only automatic available for the Fairlane. The 260 was also dropped after 1964, leaving the two-barrel 289 as the base V8. Styling-wise, in 1964, a new grille and headlight bezels were introduced, the tail fins were dropped, some chrome decorating on the side was changed and the shape of the trunk lid changed. Styling features for 1965 included body-color headlight bezels for the deluxe models and rectangular taillight lenses, a return to the 1962-1963 trunk lid, along with less chrome on the body and a small standup hood ornament (Le caratteristiche stilistiche per il 1965 includevano le cornici dei fari anteriori in tinta con la carrozzeria per il modello deluxe e fari posteriori di forma rettangolare, un ritorno al bagagliaio posteriore degli anni 1962-63, assieme ad un numero minore di parti cromate sul corpo vettura ed un piccolo stemma sulla sommità della calandra).
===Thunderbolt=== (riassunto)
As the muscle car market took shape, Ford introduced a Ford Fairlane Thunderbolt for drag racing for 1964, heavily modified to incorporate Fords 427 CID (7.0 L) V8 race engine with two four-barrel carburetors on a high-riser manifold, ram-air through the openings left by deleting the inboard headlights, equal-length headers, trunk-mounted battery (collettori di aspirazione più performanti, prese d'aria ottenute eliminando i fari interni, collettori di scarico di uguale lunghezza, batteria installata nel bagagliaio), fiberglass hood, doors, fenders and front bumper, acrylic glass windows, and other lightweight options including deleted rear-door window winders (maniglie alzacristalli posteriori), carpeting, radio, sealant (sigillante), sun visors, armrests, jack, lug wrench (cric e chiave a croce), heater, soundproofing (insonorizzazione), and passenger side windshield wiper. The cars wore Fairlane 500 trim, and were only offered with the 2-door sedan body. This special model, of which 111 to 127 total were made (sources disagree),Template:Who delivered 657 hp (490 kW) at 7,500 rpm [4] and was known as the Thunderbolt.
Racing in NHRA Super Stock class on 7-pollice (180 mm)-wide tires, the Thunderbolt was based on the midlevel Fairlane 500 two-door pillared sedan, and in 1964 set elapsed time and top speed records at 11.6 seconds and 124 mph (200 km/h), .[5] took the Super Stock title, and won the Manufacturer's Cup; it is probably the quickest and fastest production drag racer ever produced. The car as delivered was in fact slightly too light to meet NHRA's 3200 lb (1451 kg) minimum weight unless it was raced with a full tank of gasoline, which would bring it to 3203 lb (1453 kg). NHRA rules thenTemplate:Clarifyme required a metal front bumper, so the cars began to be supplied with an aluminum bumper and previous purchasers were supplied with one.
Finally,Template:Clarifyme the NHRA changed the rules to require 500 models of a car to be manufactured for Super Stock competition, and Ford, which had been losing $1500 to $2000 on each Thunderbolt sold at the sticker price of $3900, gave up. The first 11 Thunderbolts were painted maroon (known as Vintage Burgundy in Ford literature), the rest white; 99 had manual transmissions. Many are still raced. About 50 similar Mercury Cyclones were also produced by Ford in 1964, destined to be modified to represent Ford in A/FX competition, which they dominated as well.
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1963 Ford Fairlane 500 -
1963 Ford Fairlane 500 -
1965 Ford Fairlane 500 -
1965 Ford Fairlane 500
Fifth generation - 1966–1967
Template:Infobox Automobile generation
The Fairlane was revised in 1966. XL, GT and GTA packages were introduced, as well as a convertible to join the existing range of sedans, hardtops and station wagons. The "K-code" 289 was dropped this year. GT featured a 390 CID V8 as standard, while the GTA had a SportShift Cruise-o-Matic automatic transmission. The base 390 CID engine, meanwhile, developed 335 bhp (250 kW) and had a four-barrel carburetor. Mid year, Ford produced 60 special Fairlane 500 2-door hardtops with a '"R-code" 427 CID unit rated at 425 bhp (317 kW) and equipped with Ford's "Top-Loader" 4-speed manual transmission. Built to qualify the engine/transmission combination for NHRA and IHRA Super Stock racing, they were white and had a fiberglass hood with a forward-facing hood scoop which ended at the edge of the hood (con il frontale inclinato in avanti). The Fairlane Squire wagon re-débuted for 1966.
Minor trim changes were introduced for 1967 as the Fairlane was mildly facelifted. The 289 CID small-block became the base V8, with a 200-cubic-inch six standard, with the 390 CID optional (with either two- or four-barrel carburetor, at 275 and 320 bhp (240 kW) respectively). The 427s were still available, either with a single four-barrel carburetor or dual quad carbs, developing 410 (Q-code) and 425 bhp (R-code) respectively; however, 427s were not available on XL models. The notable addition for the 1967 model year was a Ranchero pick-up truck as part of the Fairlane range (from 1960 to 1965, the Ranchero was based on the Falcon, while in 1966 it used the Fairlane platform but Falcon styling). 1967 Fairlanes also saw the introduction of a number of Federal government-mandated safety features, including a new energy-absorbing steering column with large padded steering wheel hub, soft interior trim, 4-way hazard flashers, a dual-chamber braking system and shoulder belt anchors (compreso un nuovo piantone dello sterzo ad assorbimento di energia con mozzo del volante imbottito, soffici rivestimenti interni, hazard a quattro lampeggianti, sistema frenante a doppio circuito e cinture di sicurezza).
The Falcon Ranchero and Falcon station wagon were, between 1966 and 1970, identical under the skin to the Fairlane versions of the same model. Only sheetmetal and trim differed.
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1966 Ford Fairlane 500 4-Door Sedan -
1967 Ford Fairlane 500 Hardtop -
1967 Ford Fairlane 500 Hardtop -
1967 Ford Fairlane Ranchero
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Sixth generation - 1968–1969
Template:Infobox Automobile generation
A redesign took place in 1968. The wheelbase remained 116 in (2 946 mm), but it grew in other dimensions. A fastback Sportsroof model was introduced in the Fairlane 500 series, as well as a more luxurious Torino model at the top of the intermediate range, contributing 172,083 of the Fairlane's 371,787 units sold that year. (oltre che un più lussuoso modello Torino al top della gamma intermedia, che contribuì con 172.083 dei 371.787 esemplari di Fairlane costruiti in quell'anno)[6] The Ranch Wagon model name was deleted: Fairlane wagons had either the base or the 500 trim (il modello Ranch Wagon venne cancellato: le Fairlane con carrozzeria giardinetta erano previste con l'allestimento base o con l'allestimento della Fairlane 500). Base hardtop sales more than doubled, to 44,683 units.[7] In the beginning of 1968 the base model Fairlane was sold with the 2-Barrel 289 cid V8, until Ford decided to replace the 289 with the 302 cid as standard.[8] The GTs were part of the Torino range (Le GT divennero parte della gamma Torino), with a 302 pollici cubi (4,9 l)[converti: opzione non valida] V8 standard, with optional engines being the 390 pollici cubi (6,4 l)[converti: opzione non valida] V8 in 2- and 4-barrel versions. The 390 4-barrel was supplanted mid-year as the top performance engine by the 428 pollici cubi (7,0 l)[converti: opzione non valida] Cobra Jet, developing 335 bhp (250 kW). There was also a 428 pollici cubi (7,0 l)[converti: opzione non valida] Super Cobra Jet. The Ranchero had a GT model, in addition to standard and 500 versions (La Ranchero ebbe un modello GT, in aggiunta alle versioni base e 500).
The Cobra was introduced in 1969 as a competitor for Plymouth's Road Runner. Basic models featured the 302 CID V8 and three-speed manual transmission as standard. Options included the 390 CID and two 428 CID V8s. The Cobras, meanwhile, had a standard 428 CID V8 with 335 bhp (250 kW), and options included bucket seats, hood scoop, clock, tachometer, power disc brakes and 4.30:1 rear axle gearing (coppia conica di 4.30:1). "Regular" Fairlanes and Rancheros continued, all with bucket-seat options.
An even more powerful version, the Torino Talladega, was created to compete on the NASCAR Grand National speedways. Only 754 were built. To compete with the new Dodge Charger 500, the Sportsroof-based Ford Torino Talladega got a sloped nose and flush grille (?). The 428 CID V8 was standard, but it was mated to a C-6 Cruise-o-Matic automatic transmission.
Seventh Generation - 1970
Template:Infobox Automobile generation Ford's intermediates grew again in 1970, now with a 117 in (2 972 mm) wheelbase. At the start of the model year, only the Fairlane 500 remained as the base trim model in what was now effectively the Torino series.
The straight six-cylinder was the economy power, while largest engine was now a 429 cu in (7,0 l) with four-barrel carburetor and 360 bhp (270 kW), on the Torino Cobra. Different heads were optional and gave the Cobra 370 bhp (280 kW) and higher compression. Other options included the Cobra Jet Ram Air 429, though Ford quoted the same power output, and the Drag Pack rated at 375 bhp (280 kW). However, the 1970s were slower than the 1969s, and race teams were forced to run the older models.
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The Falcon name was transferred from Ford's now discontinued compact to a basic, even lower trim version of the intermediate platform as a "1970½" model on January 1, 1970 (Il nome Falcon venne trasferito il 1° gennaio 1970 dalla compatta Ford, oggi fuori produzione, ad un modello di fascia più bassa, la "1970½", versione di base della piattaforma intermedia). This series included a two-door sedan which was not available in the higher trim lines. For 1971, the Falcon and Fairlane 500 names were dropped, as all of the intermediate models took the Torino name.
Ford Fairlane in Argentina
The four-door sedan of the 1968 body style was built in Argentina from 1969 to 1981 under the Fairlane name with three equipment packages: Standard, 500 and LTD. The car was similar to the American model except the engines. There were two options: a 221 CID 6-cylinder with 132 hp (98 kW), and the old 292 CID "Y-Block" V8 which had been last used in the 1964 F-Series truck; it was rated at 185 hp (138 kW). In 1978 the LTD "Elite" option was introduced as the most luxurious made in Argentina. By the end of production in 1981, almost 30,000 Fairlanes had been made.
Ford Fairlane (Australia): The Ford Fairlane and LTD are full-size luxury vehicles[9] that were produced in a series of models by Ford Australia between 1959 (with the LTD commencing production in 1973) and 2007.
From 1959 to 1964, the Fairlane was a locally assembled version of the American Ford Fairlane which had taken its name from Henry Ford's estate, Fair Lane, near Dearborn, Michigan. This was Ford Australia’s top of the range model until replaced by an Australian-assembled version of the full-size American Ford Galaxie. In 1967 Ford Australia reintroduced the Fairlane, this time as an Australian-developed, luxury, long-wheelbase version of its mainstream Falcon (questa volta come un modello totalmente sviluppato in Australia, lussuosa versione a passo lungo della normale Falcon di grande produzione), positioned between the Falcon and the Galaxie. The locally assembled Galaxie evolved into the LTD which was itself replaced in 1973 by an Australian developed, Fairlane-based model, also known as the Ford LTD (La Galaxie assemblata in loco evolse nella LTD, che venne a sua volta sostituita nel 1973 da un modello su base Fairlane, anch'esso noto come Ford LTD). In North America, unlike its designation in Australia, it was not considered a luxury vehicle. In Australia, "LTD" originally stood for "Lincoln Type Design", although Ford Australia later promoted a connection with the meaning "Limited".
The Fairlane and LTD competed in the marketplace with the Holden Brougham (1968–1971), the Statesman (1971–1984) and later with the Holden Statesman and Caprice (1990–2007).
2005 concept
At the 2005 Auto Show circuit, Ford revealed a new concept car with the Fairlane nameplate.[10] The "people-mover" (per il trasporto di persone) Fairlane crossover utility vehicle concept featured three-row seating for six passengers, and previewed the chromed three bar horizontal grill design, which currently appears on the 2006 Ford Fusion sedan and 2007 Ford Edge crossover utility vehicle."[11][12]
Production model
- See Ford Flex
A production version of the Fairlane concept, which is now called the Ford Flex, has debuted at the 2007 New York Auto Show, and entered production for the 2009 model year in summer 2008. Unlike the concept, the production model comes with 7 seats. It is built on the Ford D3 platform, which is also used by the Ford Taurus, and Mercury Sable. It is intended to replace the people-mover capability of the Ford Freestar minivan.[13][14]
Altri progetti
Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su LukeWiller/Sandbox/8
Note
- ^ (EN) Facilities - Ford Motor Company Newsroom, su media.ford.com. URL consultato il 20-02-2012.
- ^ Gunnell, 2002, pag. 414
- ^ Directory Index: Ford/1964_Ford/1964_Ford_Brochure_1, su oldcarbrochures.com. URL consultato il 20 novembre 2011.
- ^ Ford FE engine - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, su en.wikipedia.org. URL consultato il 20 novembre 2011.
- ^ Hemmings.com, 1964 Ford Fairlane 500 Thunderbolt | Hemmings Motor News, su hemmings.com. URL consultato il 20 novembre 2011.
- ^ Flory, J. "Kelly", Jr. American Cars 1960-1972 (Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Coy, 2004), p.599.
- ^ Flory, p.599.
- ^ Fairlane Registry - FordFairlane.com - 1968 VIN Codes, su fordfairlane.com. URL consultato il 19 ottobre 2010.
- ^ Ford Fairlane, Landau & LTD at www.uniquecarsandparts.com.au Retieved on 11 May 2011
- ^ "2005 Chicago Auto Show: Ford Fairlane Photo Gallery." Motor Trend, 2005.
- ^ Nevin, Brad. "Ford Fairlane Breaks New Ground as a People Mover." Ford Communications Network, 9 December 2005.
- ^ "Ford Fairlane Concept." Automobile Magazine, 2005.
- ^ "Ford OKs Fairlane, Keeps Town Car." Ward's AutoWorld, 1 October 2006.
- ^ "Ford Develops People Movers to Replace Minivans." Car and Driver.
Bibliografia
- (EN) The Auto Editors of Consumer Guide, Encyclopedia of American Cars: A Comprehensive History of The American Automakers From 1930 To Today, Publications International, 2006, ISBN 978-14-12713-54-2.
- (EN) Nick Georgano, The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile, Routledge, 2000, ISBN 978-15-79582-93-7.
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